Dyspnea in Children with Life-Threatening and Life-Limiting Complex Chronic Conditions

Abstract

Although the prevalence rate of dyspnea in pediatric palliative care is high, it has been poorly studied.

End-of-life and palliative care in paediatric care settings

“…Abnormal or difficult breathing is another symptom experienced by children in end-of-life care and is a cause of distress to both the child and the family (Pieper et al, 2018;Pritchard et al, 2008).…”

“…It is important to acknowledge the psychological relationship with dyspnoea and physiological processes, as this highlights the importance of management strategies that will be targeted towards the child's perceptions, thoughts and feelings about their dyspnoea as well as the underlying physiological processes. The child's psychological state can be linked to and exacerbate feelings of dyspnea and anxiety, feelings of sadness, loneliness and tension can influence perceptions of dyspnea (Pieper et al, 2018). Hallenbeck (2012) states that:…”