Dysmenorrhoea: Pain relief strategies among a cohort of undergraduates in Nigeria

Emmanuel, Andy; Achema, G; Gimba, SM; Mafuyai, M. Y.; Afoi, BB; Ifere, IO

doi:10.14194/ijmbr.227

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The prevalence rate of dysmenorrhea found in this study was 73%, which is quite similar to the results obtained in previous studies 101112. Though higher than what was found among undergraduates of a higher institution in the Southwestern part of Nigeria 13…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Other methods adopted by the girls included reducing fatty foods as well as relaxation/rest. These methods have been documented by other researchers as nonpharmacological methods of managing dysmenorrhea 10. This study also found out that the common medications used by the girls were analgesics, antispasmodics, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), whereas a large proportion of the respondents did not use any drugs irrespective of the intensity of the pain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

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Dysmenorrhea and its effects on school absenteeism and school activities among adolescents in selected secondary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria

Femi-Agboola

Sekoni²,

Goodman

2017

Niger Med J

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Background: Menstruation can be associated with dysmenorrhea that may affect daily activities. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of dysmenorrhea, effects on school activities, and associated school absenteeism among secondary school girls in Ibadan, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was among 460 students from all girls' only secondary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria, using a cluster sampling method. Data were collected using questionnaires and focus group discussions. The severity of dysmenorrhea was categorized as mild, moderate, and severe. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests performed to determine significant associations. Level of statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and school absenteeism was 73% and 13.1%, with the severity of dysmenorrhea being 37.5%, 43.8%, and 18.8% for mild, moderate, and severe dysmenorrhea. Other school activities affected were as follows: class concentration, class participation, social, and sports activities (17.6%, 12.2%, 10.9%, and 4.6%). Main sources of medication for pain relief were family (15.8%) and self (13.7%). Age and duration of menstruation predicted dysmenorrhea (odds ratio [OR] =3.5, confidence interval [CI] = 1.2–9.7, P = 0.019), (OR = 1.7, CI = 1.1–2.6, P = 0.022), whereas severe dysmenorrhea predicted school absenteeism (OR = 4.2, CI = 1.7–9.9, P = 0.001). Respondents opined that analgesic drugs should be available in school to prevent school absenteeism. Conclusion: Prevalence of dysmenorrhea was high and severe dysmenorrhea played a role in school absenteeism. Health education should be provided to address the dangers of self-medication while drugs for pain relief should be available in schools.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Dysmenorrhea and its effects on school absenteeism and school activities among adolescents in selected secondary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria

Femi-Agboola

Sekoni²,

Goodman

2017

Niger Med J

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“…In the present study, the mean age of students was 20.88±1.51years which was more or less similar to Anand S et al 8 195 (72.5%) participants had regular menstrual cycle which was similar to the study done in India by Jayanthi B et al 9 Among 269 participants who experienced dysmenorrhea, 191 (71%) of the participants reported 4-5 days of menstrual cycle and 189 (70%) reported pain for first 2 days of menstrual flow which was similar to Banikarim C et al and Fatima A et al 10,11 Assessment of pain intensity and duration revealed that female undergraduates experience mild, moderate, severe, very severe and worst pain during menstruation which was similarly explained in the study done in China by Chen 12 and Nigeria by Emmanuel et al 13 Most females in this survey experienced mild or moderate pain in the age group 21-25 years. The differences in the pain severity may be related to individual differences in pain perception and variability in pain threshold.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Self-medication in Primary Dysmenorrhea among Medical and Nursing Undergraduate Students of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

et al. 2021

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Introduction: Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecological problems among adolescent females. It is defined as painful menses in women with normal pelvic anatomy, usually beginning during adolescence. This study aims to find out prevalence of self-medication practice in primary dysmenorrhea among medical and nursing undergraduate students. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital from November 2020 to March 2021 after taking ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Convenient sampling technique was used. A total of 269 female medical and nursing students with complaints of dysmenorrhea were enrolled and the remedial methods used by them such as self-medication, medical advice and home remedies for dysmenorrhea were asked using an online questionnaire delivered to participants. Data analysis was done in the Statistical Package of Social Sciences. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Self-medication practice for dysmenorrhea was reported in 175 (65%) of students. The prevalence of mild or moderate pain was commonly present in age group 21-25 years. commonly used for self-medication was mefenamic acid 121 (48%), followed by ibuprofen 51 (20.3%) and paracetamol 41 (16.3%). Conclusions: Self- medication practice among medical and nursing undergraduate students is high despite awareness of adverse effects.

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“…Pain is described as an unpleasant experience that is often experienced by individuals with different intensity, location, quality, and duration so that it can lead to different perceptions of pain in each individual who feels it [15]. In terms of pain response based on sex, it is known that in general, the male group did not express more pain than the female group [16].…”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Effect Of Warm Fragrant Lemongrass Foot Soak Against Changes In The Joint Pain Scale Of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Syahwal¹,

Aluddin

2021

International Journal of Science, Technology & Management

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Uric acid is a natural antioxidant produced by the human body, but it can trigger rheumatoid arthritis if the amount exceeds the normal threshold with typical symptoms in the form of pain accompanied by swelling in the joint area, even in advanced conditions there is joint stiffness. Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle or lemongrass is an effective plant to reduce joint pain and swelling. The purpose of this study was to describe the effect of warm lemongrass foot bath therapy on changes in the scale of joint pain in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. This study is a pre-experimental study with one group pre-test and post-test design without a control group, changes after two days of soaking warm lemongrass feet by observing changes in the pain scale of 23 respondents. The Wilcoxon test results showed that there was a change in the pain scale after intervention with a value of p = 0.01, which means that warm scented lemongrass foot soak affects reducing the pain scale of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The warm sensation of the foot soaking intervention provides a peripheral vasodilation effect which causes a decrease in joint pain in inflamed tissues, the chemical effect of citronellal compounds is around 32-45%, geraniol 12-18%, and citronellol 12-25% in citronella plants are also proven to play a role in reducing pain. This study concluded that warm lemongrass foot soaking therapy affected the changes in the scale of joint pain in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

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Dysmenorrhoea: Pain relief strategies among a cohort of undergraduates in Nigeria

Cited by 11 publications

References 4 publications

Dysmenorrhea and its effects on school absenteeism and school activities among adolescents in selected secondary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria

Dysmenorrhea and its effects on school absenteeism and school activities among adolescents in selected secondary schools in Ibadan, Nigeria

Self-medication in Primary Dysmenorrhea among Medical and Nursing Undergraduate Students of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Therapeutic Effect Of Warm Fragrant Lemongrass Foot Soak Against Changes In The Joint Pain Scale Of Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

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