Dyslipidemia of the metabolic syndrome

Ruotolo, Giacomo; Howard, Barbara V.

doi:10.1007/s11886-002-0113-6

Cited by 130 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…In Chinese-American women, differences in insulin sensitivity were lost after the inclusion of triglycerides and estradiol. Decreased insulin sensitivity is known to increase hepatic VLDL production, thus leading to an increase in serum triglycerides (23,24). HOMA%S and serum triglycerides were significantly correlated in our study (R ϭ Ϫ0.39).…”

Section: ␤-Cell Functionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Ethnic Differences in Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function in Premenopausal or Early Perimenopausal Women Without Diabetes

Torréns¹,

et al. 2004

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OBJECTIVE -To assess differences in insulin sensitivity and ␤-cell function between nondiabetic premenopausal or early perimenopausal non-Hispanic white women and African American, Chinese American, Japanese American, and non-Mexican-American Latino women. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -Homeostasis model assessments (HOMAs)of insulin sensitivity (HOMA%S) and ␤-cell function (HOMA%␤) were used. Stepwise multivariable ethnic-specific ANCOVA models were used to compare HOMA%S and HOMA%␤ between non-Hispanic whites and each of the four ethnic groups.RESULTS -HOMA%S was lower in African Americans, Chinese Americans, and Japanese Americans when compared with non-Hispanic white women after correcting for waist circumference, presence of impaired fasting glucose, and site. Significant differences persisted only between African Americans and non-Hispanic whites after inclusion of triglycerides in the model. Triglycerides indirectly corrected for the differences in HOMA%S in the other two groups. There were no differences in HOMA%S between the non-Mexican-American Latinos and the non-Hispanic whites. Japanese Americans and Chinese Americans had lower HOMA%␤ than non-Hispanic whites, whereas African Americans had higher HOMA%␤ than non-Hispanic whites after correcting for confounders. HOMA%␤ was similar between non-Mexican-American Latinos and non-Hispanic whites.CONCLUSIONS -These data suggest that type 2 diabetes prevention strategies for AfricanAmerican women should initially target decreased insulin sensitivity, whereas strategies for Japanese-American and Chinese-American women may initially need to target both decreased insulin sensitivity and ␤-cell function.

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Section: ␤-Cell Functionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Ethnic Differences in Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function in Premenopausal or Early Perimenopausal Women Without Diabetes

Torréns¹,

et al. 2004

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“…Ultimately, dyslipidaemia could result in coronary heart disease, supporting the fact that the MS and its underlying factors are the most important risk factors for myocardial infarction 13,18. The lower cholesterol values in AC men compared to PC men were positively associated with CIMTf, which is difficult to explain, as this clearly contradicts literature regarding the role of cholesterol and development of sub-clinical atherosclerosis11,13,16-18,28 Clearly, more research is needed on this topic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Coping and metabolic syndrome indicators in urban black South African men

Plessis¹,

Malan²,

Malan³

2010

CardioVascular Journal of Africa

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SummaryUrbanisation is associated with obesity, hypertension and development of the metabolic syndrome (MS). We aimed to assess the use of different coping styles and their influence on increases in MS indicators and target end-organ damage (TOD) in urban black African men. A sample of 53 men was classified as clear high active (AC, n = 30) or passive coping (PC, n = 23) responders, using the Amirkhan African validated coping style indicator. Blood pressure (BP) was recorded with an aneroid sphygmomanometer and waist circumference (WC) was determined. Carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT) and microalbuminuria were analysed to determine TOD.Fasting serum and eight-hour urine samples revealed elevated MS indicators in AC men. Strong associations existed between MS indicators and TOD in AC but not PC men. To conclude, only BP and seeking social support were positively associated with TOD in urban PC African men, while in urban AC African men, most MS indicators were positively associated with TOD, i.e. sub-clinical atherosclerosis and renal impairment.

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“…4,7 Insulin resistance alters the handling of lipoproteins, and thus that of HDL-cholesterol. 16,17 Hyperinsulinaemia also increases the synthesis and decreases the absorption of cholesterol. 18 However, the changes in cholesterol levels are often more directly associated to the consequences of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinaemia 19 than, to small extent, changes in insulin sensitivity such as those observed here.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term oral oleoyl-estrone treatment increases plasma cholesterol turnover in the rat

et al. 2005

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OBJECTIVE: Oral treatment with oleoyl-estrone induces the loss of body fat and improvement of insulin resistance. Since cholesterol levels are deeply affected by oleoyl-estrone, we investigated here whether short-term treatment affected cholesterol turnover and overall metabolite changes. DESIGN: Wistar female rats received a single oral dose of 10 mmol/kg oleoyl-estrone in 0.2 ml of sunflower oil. Groups of animals were killed at timed intervals and blood samples were taken. In a second experiment series, rats had implanted carotid and jugular cannulas and were given a single gavage of oleoyl-estrone. These rats were used for the measurement of the cholesterol turnover rate. MEASUREMENTS: Body weight change and food intake: Glucose, total and HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols, 3-hydroxybutyrate, nonesterified fatty acids, insulin, HOMA score in the rats of the first series. Cholesterol: Cholesterol pool changes and cholesterol turnover rates in the rats of the second series. RESULTS: OE induced early effects, decreasing food intake, cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels, and increasing insulin sensitivity (HOMA score). OE also increased cholesteryl-ester turnover, and decreased circulating total cholesterol, especially esterified cholesterol pools. CONCLUSIONS: The role of early changes in insulin sensitivity induced by oral OE cannot explain per se the deep changes in cholesterol handling, essentially a consequence of accelerated lipoprotein turnover. However, the increase in cholesteryl-ester turnover observed with OE treatment may be, at least in part, a consequence of the decrease in insulin resistance. The compounded effect of increased insulin sensitivity and accelerated lipoprotein turnover may help explain the early and marked hypocholesterolaemic effects of OE.

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Dyslipidemia of the metabolic syndrome

Cited by 130 publications

References 43 publications

Ethnic Differences in Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function in Premenopausal or Early Perimenopausal Women Without Diabetes

Ethnic Differences in Insulin Sensitivity and β-Cell Function in Premenopausal or Early Perimenopausal Women Without Diabetes

Coping and metabolic syndrome indicators in urban black South African men

Short-term oral oleoyl-estrone treatment increases plasma cholesterol turnover in the rat

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