Dyslipidemia in Pediatric Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

There is an increasing interest in dyslipidemia in adult patients since it is known to contribute to early cardiovascular disease. Often, dyslipidemia starts in childhood, and it is associated with aggravating lifestyle choices concerning eating habits, such as the tendency to consume processed food and fast food, as well as the tendency to be more and more sedentary. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study describing the prevalence of dyslipidemia in a single medical center in Romania and the associated pathology. We evaluated all lipid profiles that were ordered in our clinic over nine years. We included 2413 patients that were evaluated in our clinic in the timeframe 2011–2020. Out of them, 18.23% had high values for LDL-cholesterol. More than a quarter (25.91%) were diagnosed with obesity. 11.37% of the patients with high LDL-cholesterol levels had various metabolic disorders including primary dyslipidemia. A small number of patients with hypercholesterolemia had thyroid disorders (4.10%). Patients with high LDL-cholesterol had various diagnoses ranging from metabolic to neurologic disorders, keeping in mind that there are multiple pathologies that can lead to dyslipidemia. Evaluating children for dyslipidemia is at hand for medical professionals. Screening for dyslipidemia in children would provide the opportunity to prevent rather than treat cardiovascular events.

Hepatitis B in Pediatric Population: Observational Retrospective Study in Romania

“…These phases are not necessarily sequential, nor mandatory for all patients; sometimes, a reversion to an earlier phase is noted. Host and viral factors; coinfection with other viruses such as hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis D virus (HDV) or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); family history; and other comorbidities, including obesity, can affect the natural course of HBV infection [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Another important thing to mention is that the covalently closed circular HBV-DNA (cccDNA) persists indefinitely in hepatocytes, and low-level viral replication or re-activation in some circumstances is possible; at the same time, the HBV genome may integrate in the host genome, generating risk for hepatocarcinoma (HCC) [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”