Dyslipidaemia in overweight children and adolescents is associated with an increased risk of kidney stones

Kirejczyk, Jan K.; Korzeniecka‐Kozerska, Agata; Baran, Marcin; Porowska, Halina; Porowski, Tadeusz; Wasilewska, Anna

doi:10.1111/apa.13079

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and high cholesterol increase the likelihood of nephrolithiasis in children and adolescents. 26 Our previous study showed that pediatric patients with CD are at higher risk for metabolic syndrome, and all of the patients in our cohort had at least one, if not more, of these syndromes. 5 The development of nephrolithiasis in these pediatric patients with CD most likely had a multifactorial pathogenesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Kidney Stones as an Underrecognized Clinical Sign in Pediatric Cushing Disease

Rahman

Papadakis

Keil

et al. 2016

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Objective To investigate the prevalence of kidney stones in a population of children with Cushing disease (CD) and to compare this prevalence with that of healthy children. Study design Clinical and biochemical data from 139 pediatric patients with CD (68 female, 71 male) were retrospectively analyzed. Computed tomography (CT) scans were reviewed for kidney stones. Results Of 139 patients, 27 children with CD (19.4%) had either radiographic evidence and/or a history of kidney stones. Those with kidney stones had higher urine free cortisol (p-value = 0.008) and a transsphenoidal surgery at an older age (p-value = 0.007). Average urinary calcium creatinine ratio was elevated in patients with CD (0.22 ± 0.11). The prevalence of kidney stones in children with CD was higher than in normal children (19.42% vs 1.0%, p-value <0.001). Conclusion Our results illustrate that kidney stones are an under-estimated complication of pediatric CD, especially when compared with the prevalence of nephrolithiasis in the general pediatric population. Long term consequences for kidney function are not known and need to be studied.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Kidney Stones as an Underrecognized Clinical Sign in Pediatric Cushing Disease

Rahman

Papadakis

Keil

et al. 2016

The Journal of Pediatrics

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“…Usually girls in the second decade are more prone to hospital administration for kidney stone (12). The possible relationship between nephrolithiasis, obesity, and metabolic syndrome was demonstrated in previous reports but it is not conclusive (16,17). As mentioned before, geographic location may affect nephrolithiasis development.…”

Section: Incidence and Trendmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…On the other hand, there has been a change regarding the gender of patients. Previous reports demonstrated that nephrolithiasis was usually more common in boys than in girls, but recent studies have shown a noticeable rising incidence of nephrolithiasis in girls and some studies even substantiated that nephrolithiasis are more common among girls (4,9,10,12,15,16). Usually girls in the second decade are more prone to hospital administration for kidney stone (12).…”

Section: Incidence and Trendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Nephrolithiasis: Trend, Evaluation and Management: A Systematic Review

Moudi¹,

Ghaffari²,

Moradi

2016

J Pediatr Rev

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Context: Pediatric nephrolithiasis is a noticeable cause of morbidity among children. Although, nephrolithiasis is a common disease in adults, its incidence has had a rising trend in children.Objectives: Here in, we reviewed the current state regarding evaluation and management of children with nephrolithiasis in the last decade. Data Sources: The current literature regarding incidence and trend, along with diagnostic evaluation and management of children aged less than 18 years old with nephrolithiasis was searched on MEDLINE and Google scholar from January 2005 to March 2016. Study Selection and Data Extraction:The search terms included, "kidney stone OR nephrolithiasis OR urolithiasis and Pediatric OR children". English language and human studies were included. Expert opinions, editorials and case reports were excluded. Consequently, the authors independently reviewed the abstracts and the papers, which matched the inclusion criteria.Results: From a total of 1050 studies identified through the database search, 71 articles were selected for the review. According to the results of this review, pediatric nephrolithiasis has an increasing rate worldwide. Recent studies in this regard indicated that the number of girls with nephrolithiasis has increased. The change of life style, diet, obesity and metabolic syndrome and popular imaging study along with referral of the patients to pediatric centers could be contributed to this trend. Conclusions:Evaluation of patients, particularly young children, includes metabolic assessment. Stone analysis and 24-urine collection analysis are very helpful for determining underlying diseases. Medical as well as surgical approaches are used to prevent kidney injuries.Keywords: Nephrolithiasis, Children, Incidence, Management ContextOver the past decades, the prevalence of pediatric nephrolithiasis has increased by 70% in adults and has become the third top urinary tract disease, and the gender gap between males and females is narrowing in many countries, as about 10% and 5% of males and females, respectively, complain of this condition during their life (1-3). Sas et al. (4) reported in their study that during the last couple of decades, the incidence of pediatric nephrolithiasis has increased by approximately 6 to 10% annually and has actually reached 50 per 100000 in adolescents.This situation may cause some complications and has subsequent health care and medical costs. Pearle et al. (5) estimated that more than two billion dollars is incurred annually for nephrolithiasis in the United States. This condition causes further chronic conditions requiring health care services in pediatric medicine. Moreover, recent studies revealed that this disorder has a genderrelated distribution in this context by more inclination toward nephrolithiasis. In addition, race and geographic location may play a role in nephrolithiasis development. African countries have low prevalence and the Middle East, Pakistan and India have higher incidence of urolithiasis (6, 7). ObjectivesThis review...

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“…A similar result has been reported in several other studies [ 7 – 9 ]. Conversely, in a study on non-stone children, TC, LDL, and TG were negatively, but HDL positively correlated with urinary citrate events in obese participants [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol corresponds to a high risk of nephrolithiasis in children

Chen

Xiao

et al. 2020

BMC Urol

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Background: Dyslipidemia contributes to the development of nephrolithiasis in adults; however its relationship to urolithiasis in children remains debatable, and will be clarified in the present work. Methods: A case-control study was performed involving 58 pediatric patients diagnosed with upper urinary tract stones as well as 351 controls. Age, gender, body mass index (BMI), serum calcium, serum uric acid, blood glucose, blood lipids, and compositions of stones were compared. Results: According to the univariate analysis, uric acid was higher (P < 0.01) but serum calcium lower in the stone group than the control (P < 0.05). As for the blood lipids, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-c) was significantly higher in the stone group as compared to the control (P < 0.01), while total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not show statistical difference between the two groups. In the multivariate analysis, only non-HDL-c and serum uric acid were increased in the stone group (P = 0.003 and P = 0.008). In the stone compositions' analysis, serum uric acid and non-HDL-c were associated with percentage of uric acid and pure calcium oxalate stones, respectively. Conclusion: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol may act as a lipid risk factor for urolithiasis in children.

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Dyslipidaemia in overweight children and adolescents is associated with an increased risk of kidney stones

Cited by 20 publications

References 29 publications

Kidney Stones as an Underrecognized Clinical Sign in Pediatric Cushing Disease

Kidney Stones as an Underrecognized Clinical Sign in Pediatric Cushing Disease

Pediatric Nephrolithiasis: Trend, Evaluation and Management: A Systematic Review

Elevated non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol corresponds to a high risk of nephrolithiasis in children

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