Dysgonic fermenter 3-associated gastrointestinal disease in a patient with common variable hypogammaglobulinemia

Wagner, David K.; Wright, John J.; Ansher, Alan F.; Gill, Vee J.

doi:10.1016/0002-9343(88)90432-9

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Gastrointestinal disturbances are common in CVID, with diarrhoea being the most common symptom reported [62][63][64][65][66][67][68]. Common causes include enteropathogens such as Giardia, Salmonella, Campylobacter and Cryptosporidium, with a variety of case reports of other common or unusual organisms [63,66,67,[69][70][71]. However, a range of inflammatory gastrointestinal pathologies are described [63,72].…”

Section: Common Variable Immunodeficiency (Cvid) Enteropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic norovirus infection and common variable immunodeficiency

Woodward

Gkrania‐Klotsas

Kumararatne

2016

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryChronic infection with norovirus is emerging as a significant risk for patients with immunodeficiency -either primary or secondary to therapeutic immunosuppression. Patients with primary immunodeficiency present a range of pathological responses to norovirus infection. Asymptomatic infections occur and differentiating viral carriage or prolonged viral shedding after self-limiting infection from infection causing protracted diarrhoea can be challenging, due to relatively mild pathological changes that may mimic other causes of diarrhoea in such patients (for instance pathogenic bacteria or parasites or graft-versus-host disease). However, a subset of patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) experience a severe norovirus-associated enteropathy leading to intestinal villous atrophy and malabsorption. Symptomatic infection of up to 8 years has been demonstrated with clinical and histological recovery on viral clearance. Although oral immunoglobulins and nitazoxanide have been used to treat noroviral infections associated with immunosuppression, ribavirin is the only agent to date that has been linked to viral clearance in the Noroviral enteropathy associated with CVID.

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Section: Common Variable Immunodeficiency (Cvid) Enteropathymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic norovirus infection and common variable immunodeficiency

Woodward

Gkrania‐Klotsas

Kumararatne

2016

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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“…DF-3 is the designation given by the Special Bacterial Pathogens Laboratory of the Centers for Disease Control for a fastidious, small, coccobacillary gram-negative organism (4). Wagner et al (12) reported on 53 DF-3 isolates from a variety of sources that been referred to the Centers for Disease Control through 1987; 10 of the isolates had been recovered from blood cultures. The organism has been associated with human disease, including soft-tissue infection (2), bacteremia (1), and diarrhea (12).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Wagner et al (12) reported on 53 DF-3 isolates from a variety of sources that been referred to the Centers for Disease Control through 1987; 10 of the isolates had been recovered from blood cultures. The organism has been associated with human disease, including soft-tissue infection (2), bacteremia (1), and diarrhea (12). The role of this organism as a cause of diarrhea has been suggested by Wagner et al (12), although the mechanisms remain unclear.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Clinical illnesses associated with isolation of dysgonic fermenter 3 from stool samples

et al. 1992

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The clinical significance of the fastidious organism DF-3 isolated from stool cultures is unclear. We sought to improve our understanding of this organism and to further define its association with human disease. Stool cultures for DF-3 were obtained from three sources: an ongoing study of enteric pathogens in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus, a screening procedure in which all stool samples submitted for Clostridium difficile toxin assay were cultured for DF-3, and stool samples submitted specifically for DF-3 culture. Retrospective clinical data were obtained from chart reviews of patients with positive cultures. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and cell wall fatty acid analysis were performed for each DF-3 isolated. Eight isolates of DF-3 were obtained over a period of 8 months. All patients either had severe underlying disease or were immunocompromised, including three patients coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus and two patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The spectrum of clinical disease ranged from chronic diarrhea with a well-defined response to therapy for DF-3 to an asymptomatic carrier state. Cell wall fatty acid analysis of these isolates demonstrated a consistent pattern with a large peak of 12-methyltetradecanoate. DF-3, a fastidious gram-negative coccobacillus, can be recovered from stool cultures of immunocompromised patients

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“…Comparative 16S rRNA sequence analysis, however, has revealed that DF-3 is not a close relative of the capnocytophagas but constitutes a separate genus clustering together with Bacteroides forsythus and Bacteroides distasonis (6). The possible causative role of DF-3 in diarrhea was first noted 10 years ago in a patient with common variable hypogammaglobulinemia (8). Since then, 21 DF-3 stool isolates collected from immunosuppressed patients have been reported, but there was an association with diarrhea in only 50% of the cases (4).…”

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confidence: 99%