Dysconnectivity of the medio-dorsal thalamic nucleus in drug-naïve first episode schizophrenia: diagnosis-specific or trans-diagnostic effect?

Gong, Qiyong; Puthusseryppady, Vaisakh; Dai, Jing; He, Meiling; Xu, Xin; Shi, Yan; Zhou, Baiwan; Ai, Yuan; Yang, Cheng; Zhang, Feifei; Lui, Su; Mechelli, Andrea

doi:10.1038/s41398-018-0350-0

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…About 1% of variable sites in whole blood and sperm showed a significant correlation of DNA methylation between the whole blood and sperm. This is slightly lower than what has been reported for comparisons of DNA methylation between whole brain and peripheral tissues [ 39 ]. Furthermore, at the vast majority of correlated CpG sites, the correlation appeared to be driven by underlying genetic variation resulting in characteristic bi- and trimodally clustered distributions of DNA methylation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

The DNA methylome of human sperm is distinct from blood with little evidence for tissue-consistent obesity associations

et al. 2020

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Epidemiological research suggests that paternal obesity may increase the risk of fathering small for gestational age offspring. Studies in non-human mammals indicate that such associations could be mediated by DNA methylation changes in spermatozoa that influence offspring development in utero. Human obesity is associated with differential DNA methylation in peripheral blood. It is unclear, however, whether this differential DNA methylation is reflected in spermatozoa. We profiled genome-wide DNA methylation using the Illumina MethylationEPIC array in a cross-sectional study of matched human blood and sperm from lean (discovery n = 47; replication n = 21) and obese (n = 22) males to analyse tissue covariation of DNA methylation, and identify obesity-associated methylomic signatures. We found that DNA methylation signatures of human blood and spermatozoa are highly discordant, and methylation levels are correlated at only a minority of CpG sites (~1%). At the majority of these sites, DNA methylation appears to be influenced by genetic variation. Obesity-associated DNA methylation in blood was not generally reflected in spermatozoa, and obesity was not associated with altered covariation patterns or accelerated epigenetic ageing in the two tissues. However, one cross-tissue obesity-specific hypermethylated site (cg19357369; chr4:2429884; P = 8.95 × 10 −8 ; 2% DNA methylation difference) was identified, warranting replication and further investigation. When compared to a wide range of human somatic tissue samples (n = 5,917), spermatozoa displayed differential DNA methylation across pathways enriched in transcriptional regulation. Overall, human sperm displays a unique DNA methylation profile that is highly discordant to, and practically uncorrelated with, that of matched peripheral blood. We observed that obesity was only nominally associated with differential DNA methylation in PLOS GENETICS

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 55%

The DNA methylome of human sperm is distinct from blood with little evidence for tissue-consistent obesity associations

et al. 2020

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“…Effective connectivity (EC) refers to the causal (thus directional) influence of neural activity in one region on that in another region (Chao‐Gan & Yu‐Feng, 2010; Gong, Puthusseryppady, et al., 2019; Kottaram et al., 2018; Mastrovito et al., 2018; Rozycki et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2015). Functional connectivity (FC) refers to the instantaneous (i.e., zero‐time lagged) temporal correlation (thus unidirectional) between spatially distinct brain regions(Palaniyappan et al., 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Functional connectivity (FC) refers to the instantaneous (i.e., zero‐time lagged) temporal correlation (thus unidirectional) between spatially distinct brain regions(Palaniyappan et al., 2013). We performed an advanced resting‐state effective connectivity (rs‐EC) (Gong, Puthusseryppady, et al., 2019; Mastrovito et al., 2018) analysis to construct whole‐brain EC networks via Granger causality analysis (GCA) of rs‐fMRI data. We compared brain‐wise EC among 20 female MZ twin pairs with and without first‐episode schizophrenia and 20 healthy female MZ twins.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain features of nearly drug‐naïve female monozygotic twins with first‐episode schizophrenia and the classification accuracy of brain feature patterns: A pilot study

Zhang¹,

Song²,

Chen³

et al. 2020

Brain and Behavior

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Background Data on differences in brain features between monozygotic (MZ) twins with and without schizophrenia are scarce. Methods We compared brain features of female MZ twins with and without first‐episode schizophrenia and healthy controls (n = 20 each). Voxel‐based morphometry and tract‐based spatial statistics were used to analyze differences in brain structure. Whole‐brain effective connectivity (EC) and functional connectivity (FC) networks were constructed using resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) data. Results Female twins with schizophrenia exhibited abnormal gray matter volume (GMV) in the basal ganglia and prefrontal and parietal cortices, impairments in the arcuate fasciculus, and significant disruptions (primarily decreases) in nine EC networks. They exhibited rs‐EC alterations involving the limbic areas and subcortex. Combined rs‐EC and rs‐FC data distinguished twins with first‐episode schizophrenia with high accuracy. Combined consideration of structural and functional features enabled the distinction of female MZ twins with schizophrenia from those without schizophrenia and healthy controls with 100% accuracy. Conclusions Female MZ twins with schizophrenia exhibited increased GMV, white matter impairment, and disruptions in EC and FC networks. The combination of rs‐EC + rs‐FC data could distinguish female twins with schizophrenia from twins without schizophrenia and healthy controls with 97.4% accuracy, and the addition of structural brain features yielded a 100% accuracy rate. These findings may provide pivotal insight for further study of the mechanisms underlying schizophrenia.

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“…Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were first observed in the 1980s as secretory vesicles released by reticulocytes and were thought to be a means of disposing cellular waste [ [1] , [2] , [3] ]. EVs have since become a focus for research and it is now well-established and accepted that EVs play crucial roles in cell-to-cell communication, contributing to various pathological conditions including heart disease, neurodegenerative diseases, mental disorders, and cancer [ [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Small extracellular vesicles in cancer

Abhange

Makler

Wen

et al. 2021

Bioactive Materials

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Extracellular vesicles (EV) are lipid-bilayer enclosed vesicles in submicron size that are released from cells. A variety of molecules, including proteins, DNA fragments, RNAs, lipids, and metabolites can be selectively encapsulated into EVs and delivered to nearby and distant recipient cells. In tumors, through such intercellular communication, EVs can regulate initiation, growth, metastasis and invasion of tumors. Recent studies have found that EVs exhibit specific expression patterns which mimic the parental cell, providing a fingerprint for early cancer diagnosis and prognosis as well as monitoring responses to treatment. Accordingly, various EV isolation and detection technologies have been developed for research and diagnostic purposes. Moreover, natural and engineered EVs have also been used as drug delivery nanocarriers, cancer vaccines, cell surface modulators, therapeutic agents and therapeutic targets. Overall, EVs are under intense investigation as they hold promise for pathophysiological and translational discoveries. This comprehensive review examines the latest EV research trends over the last five years, encompassing their roles in cancer pathophysiology, diagnostics and therapeutics. This review aims to examine the full spectrum of tumor-EV studies and provide a comprehensive foundation to enhance the field. The topics which are discussed and scrutinized in this review encompass isolation techniques and how these issues need to be overcome for EV-based diagnostics, EVs and their roles in cancer biology, biomarkers for diagnosis and monitoring, EVs as vaccines, therapeutic targets, and EVs as drug delivery systems. We will also examine the challenges involved in EV research and promote a framework for catalyzing scientific discovery and innovation for tumor-EV-focused research.

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Dysconnectivity of the medio-dorsal thalamic nucleus in drug-naïve first episode schizophrenia: diagnosis-specific or trans-diagnostic effect?

Cited by 12 publications

References 43 publications

The DNA methylome of human sperm is distinct from blood with little evidence for tissue-consistent obesity associations

The DNA methylome of human sperm is distinct from blood with little evidence for tissue-consistent obesity associations

Brain features of nearly drug‐naïve female monozygotic twins with first‐episode schizophrenia and the classification accuracy of brain feature patterns: A pilot study

Small extracellular vesicles in cancer

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