Dynamique du climat et du peuplement du Caucase Nord-Central au tournant du Pléistocène et de l’Holocène

Golovanova, Liubov V.; Doronichev, Vladimir B.; Doronicheva, Ekaterina V.; Tregub, Tamara F.; Volkov, M. A.; Spasovskiy, Yuriy N.; Петров, А. В.; Максимов, Ф. Е.; Nedomolkin, Andrey G.

doi:10.1016/j.anthro.2020.102759

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The Early Holocene sites with trapezes in Western Transcaucasia the authors called the "Darkvety culture". The main sites of this culture are Darkve- ty (layer IV) , Jvartskhma (Манько, Чхатарашвили 2020b), Melouri, Pirveli Gali ), Zemo Lemsa (Воронов 1984, Sosruko (layer 4) (Golovanova at al. 2020;Манько, Чхатарашвили 2021), Apiancha (layer 1) (Церетели и др .…”

Section: Darkvetian Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcaucasia and Neolithic of the South of Eastern Europe

Manko¹,

Chkhatarashvili

2022

Arheologia

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The authors examine the development of Transcaucasian archaeological cultures during the Early Holocene and their relationship to the beginning of the Neolithic in the south of Eastern Europe. The authors describe the migration activity of carriers of the Kobuletian, Darkvetian, Edzanian and Trialetian cultures. The role of migrants in the process of Neolithization of Eastern Europe is considered. The authors aim to show the relationship of the Kukrek, Hrebenyky, Matveev Kurgan, Shpan-Koba, Murzak-Koba cultures with the migratory activity of the Transcaucasian population.

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Section: Darkvetian Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcaucasia and Neolithic of the South of Eastern Europe

Manko¹,

Chkhatarashvili

2022

Arheologia

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“…Замятнина [Замятнин, Акритас 1957], проблемам их датирования. Другая связана с новыми исследованиями на территории стоянки [Golovanova et al 2020] 4), на п-ове Карабурун ( 5); шан-кобинской -Шан-Коба ( 6), грот Скалистый ( 7), Сосруко, M3 и M4 ( 8), Сатанай ( 9), пещера Двойная ( 10); с зарзийскими традициями -Гварджилас-клде ( 11), Бадыноко ( 12); зарзийской -Шанидар ( 13), Зеви-Чеми-Шанидар ( 14), Зарзи ( 15); малефаатской -Малефаат ( 16), Карим-Шахир ( 17), Чога-Сефид ( 18), Ганджи-Даре ( 19); кобулетской -Сосруко, М1 и М2 ( 8), Бавра-Аблари (20), Кобулети ( 21), Анасеули 1 ( 22), Дарквети, слой V ( 23 Нуклеусы (1-3, 11-12, 21-23), таблетка (13), микролиты (4-7, 14-17, 24-28), пластины с вентральной ретушью (8, 18, 29), резцы (9, 19, 30-31) [Kozłowski, Kozłowski 1979: 179]. они прямо пишут о том, что данный комплекс -кукрекский (о существовании кобулетской культуры тогда знать не могли, материалы кобулети еще не были опубликованы).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Sosruco Rockshelter: revision of materials of the excavation by S.N. Zamiatnin and the Upper Horizons Radiocarbon Chronology

Manko¹,

Chkhatarashvili²

2021

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Recently new investigations of Sosruko site have been conducted. Unfortunately, the materials of the site have not been interpreted in the proper way. The main task of the article is to clarify the origin of stone industries of the Sosruko complexes. We suggest that complexes of the Layers M1 and M2 are related to the Kobuleti Culture of the Transcaucasia. This cultural phenomenon appeared in beginning of the 10th millennium BC as a result of the migration of the carriers of the M’lefaat Culture from the Middle East. Transcaucasia was not the end point of the M’lefaatian migration. Its further expansion resulted to the appearance of the Kukrek Culture in the Steppe zone of Ukraine and Moldova. The common elements of this material culture include the usage of pressing flaking, the presence of bullet-like cores, backed bladelets, bilateral burins, and the sporadic usage of microburin technique for manufacturing of the truncated facetted points. Some of the late materials from the M1 layer are associated with the Darkveti culture of the Transcaucasus. This culture appeared at the beginning of Boreal. The migration of carriers of the Darkveti Culture to Eastern Europe, which started in the 8th millennium BC, led to formation of the Matveev Kurgan and Grebeniki Cultures in the basins of Don, Dnieper, South Bug and Dniester. The common elements of these three cultures are the presence of the flat one- or two-platform monofrontal cores for obtaining the pressing blades and bladelets, symmetric trapezes. The materials from the layers M3 and M4 of Sosruko site demonstrate complete similarity with the Shan-Koba Culture of the Final Pleistocene – Early Holocene. The connection of the Shan-Koba Culture with the Karein B Culture in the South-West of Asia Minor is also considered. We see the similar geometric complexes in both cultures, the presence of low trapezes, symmetric lunates, triangles. Carriers of both cultures use the microburin technique for geometric microliths manufacturing. The migration of the Asia Minor inhabitants began during Bølling interstadial. The migrants reached the Central Caucasus in Allerød. The migration flows at the end of Pleistocene and the beginning of Holocene were the prelude of the Neolithization processes of Eastern Europe and Transcaucasia. The Shan-Kobian migration started a succession of movements of the Near East and Middle East populations to the East Europe and to Caucasus. The migrations of the carriers of the M’lefaat (Kobuleti) and Darkveti cultures led to the appearance of the global zones of informational continuity (Cultural-Historical Regions) in the frames of which the Neolithic innovations were spread in the area. The materials from the Sosruko Grotto give us an opportunity to reveal the chronology of the very beginning phases of the Neolithization in Eastern Europe.

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“…каза: грот Сосруко и навес Бадыноко[Леонова, 2015;Leonova, 2021]. В гроте Сосруко три верхних слоя рубежа плейстоцена-голоцена разделены мощными стерильными прослойками[Замятнин, Акритас, 1957;Golovanova et al, 2020;Leonova, 2021]. Технологический анализ каменного инвентаря слоев М-3, М-2 и М-1 грота Сосруко позволил установить, что наиболее раннее появление отжимной техники фиксируется в слое М-2 (9658-9296 кал.…”

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Dating the pressure blademaking emergence in the North-Western Caucasus and the chronology of the pressure technique diffusion in the neighbouring regions

Еськова¹,

Leonova²

2023

MUAB

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Introduction. The paper deals with the issue of pressure blademaking emergence chronology in the North-Western Caucasus. The possible paths of the innovation diffusion are discussed. Materials and methods. The study of the lithic technology is based on the materials from the Early Holocene layers of the Dvoinaya Cave and the Chygai Rockshelter. The series of AMS dates were obtained for the layers. The earliest use of pressure blademaking was revealed in the layer 4/5 of the Dvoinaya Cave and the layers 3-5 of the Chygai Rockshelter dated to 11,3–8,5 cal kyr BC and 11,1–8,5 cal kyr BC respectively. Results. The full technological context of the bladelet and microbladelet production with the use of pressure was revealed at the Dvoinaya Cave. The blanks were produced from the conical cores with faceted platforms. In layers 3–5 of the Chygai Rockselter the pressure bladelets and microbladelets were discovered. In both cases the metrics of the pressure produced blanks indicate the use of Mode 3 of the pressure technique (pressure with the use of short crutch in a sitting position). Discussion. We don’t consider possible the diffusion of the technique from the Elbrus region of the North Caucasus as there were two technologically distinct traditions that were partly synchronous. The lower chronological range of the Mode 3 pressure emergence in the North-Western Caucasus roughly coincides with the Early Mlefaatian and the Nemrikian in the south and the Early Butovo in the north. The possible intermediate industries dated to the Early Holocene have not been discovered so far in the neighboring regions to the south or to the north of the North-Western Caucasus. Conclusion. The early timе of the complex mode of the pressure technique emergence in the North-Western Caucasus is indicative of the external adoption and an extremely fast pace of the innovation diffusion in the Early Holocene.

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Dynamique du climat et du peuplement du Caucase Nord-Central au tournant du Pléistocène et de l’Holocène

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Transcaucasia and Neolithic of the South of Eastern Europe

Transcaucasia and Neolithic of the South of Eastern Europe

Sosruco Rockshelter: revision of materials of the excavation by S.N. Zamiatnin and the Upper Horizons Radiocarbon Chronology

Dating the pressure blademaking emergence in the North-Western Caucasus and the chronology of the pressure technique diffusion in the neighbouring regions

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