Dynamics of Transport, Accumulation, and Export of Plastics at Oceanic Fronts

Suaria, Giuseppe; Berta, Maristella; Griffa, Annalisa; Molcard, Anne; Özgökmen, Tamay M.; Zambianchi, Enrico; Aliani, Stefano

doi:10.1007/698_2021_814

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 269 publications

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“…In addition, fronts are a common feature of these systems (Valle-Levinson, 2022). They are suspected to influence the dispersion pathway of plastic particles as well as their accumulation and trapping (Suaria et al, 2021). Indeed, fronts can create a physical barrier that prevents the mixing of water bodies and form convergence flows that accumulate suspended matter and contaminants such as AP and MP (Suaria et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2022).…”

Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are suspected to influence the dispersion pathway of plastic particles as well as their accumulation and trapping (Suaria et al, 2021). Indeed, fronts can create a physical barrier that prevents the mixing of water bodies and form convergence flows that accumulate suspended matter and contaminants such as AP and MP (Suaria et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2022). All these processes could lead to preferential transport pathways of AP and MP at the inlet station in sea surface samples.…”

Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatial distribution of anthropogenic particles and microplastics in a meso-tidal lagoon (Arcachon Bay, France): A multi-compartment approach

Lefebvre,

Le Bihanic,

Jalón-Rojas

et al. 2023

Science of The Total Environment

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Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: J O U R N a L P R E -P R O O Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of anthropogenic particles and microplastics in a meso-tidal lagoon (Arcachon Bay, France): A multi-compartment approach

Lefebvre,

Le Bihanic,

Jalón-Rojas

et al. 2023

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Due to its abundance, plastic accounts for about 75% of marine litter [3][4][5]. Moreover, since it is transported much more quickly than it degrades, plastic can travel very far after it is discarded [5][6][7][8]. As a result, every ocean on the globe has been contaminated by plastic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

X-Band Radar Detection of Small Garbage Islands in Different Sea State Conditions

Serafino,

Bianco

2024

Remote Sensing

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This paper presents an assessment of X-band radar’s detection capability to monitor Small Garbage Islands (SGIs), i.e., floating aggregations of marine litter consisting chiefly of plastic, under changing sea states. For this purpose, two radar measurement campaigns were carried out with controlled releases at sea of SGI modules assembled in the laboratory. One campaign was carried out with a calm sea and almost no wind in order to determine the X-band radar system’s detection capabilities in an ideal scenario, while the other campaign took place with rough seas and wind. An analysis of the data acquired during the campaigns confirmed that X-band radar can detect small aggregations of litter floating on the sea surface. To demonstrate the radar’s ability to detect SGIs, a statistical analysis was carried out to calculate the probability of false alarm and the probability of detection for two releases at two different distances from the radar. For greater readability of this work, all of the results obtained are presented both in terms of radar intensity and in terms of the radar cross-section relating to both the targets and the clutter. Another interesting study that is presented in this article concerns the measurement of the speed of movement (drift) of the SGIs compared with the measurement of the speed of the surface currents provided at the same time by the radar. The study also identified the radar detection limits depending on the sea state and the target distance from the antenna.

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“…Floating macroplastics have been traditionally monitored using vessel-based or aerialbased surveys, with inherent uncertainty in the data obtained because of the different protocols adopted [7] and meteo-marine conditions. This variability also depends on meteorological conditions or the presence of relevant ocean dynamics, such as frontal areas, coastal currents or surface convergence zones enhancing offshore accumulation or dispersion of plastic items [8]. To refine our understanding of the global plastic budget, and to support more effective management strategies, sustained observations over larger spatial scales are urgently required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sentinel-2 Detection of Floating Marine Litter Targets with Partial Spectral Unmixing and Spectral Comparison with Other Floating Materials (Plastic Litter Project 2021)

et al. 2022

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Large-area, artificial floating marine litter (FML) targets were deployed during a controlled field experiment and data acquisition campaign: the Plastic Litter Project 2021. A set of 22 Sentinel-2 images, along with UAS data and ancillary measurements were acquired. Spectral analysis of the FML and natural debris (wooden planks) targets was performed, along with spectral comparison and separability analysis between FML and other floating materials such as marine mucilage and pollen. The effects of biofouling and submersion on the spectral signal of FML were also investigated under realistic field conditions. Detection of FML is performed through a partial unmixing methodology. Floating substances such as pollen exhibit similar spectral characteristics to FML, and are difficult to differentiate. Biofouling is shown to affect the magnitude and shape of the FML signal mainly in the RGB bands, with less significant effect on the infrared part of the spectrum. Submersion affects the FML signal throughout the range of the Sentinel-2 satellite, with the most significant effect in the NIR part of the spectrum. Sentinel-2 detection of FML can be successfully performed through a partial unmixing methodology for FML concentrations with abundance fractions of 20%, under reasonable conditions.

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Dynamics of Transport, Accumulation, and Export of Plastics at Oceanic Fronts

Cited by 9 publications

References 269 publications

Spatial distribution of anthropogenic particles and microplastics in a meso-tidal lagoon (Arcachon Bay, France): A multi-compartment approach

Spatial distribution of anthropogenic particles and microplastics in a meso-tidal lagoon (Arcachon Bay, France): A multi-compartment approach

X-Band Radar Detection of Small Garbage Islands in Different Sea State Conditions

Sentinel-2 Detection of Floating Marine Litter Targets with Partial Spectral Unmixing and Spectral Comparison with Other Floating Materials (Plastic Litter Project 2021)

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