Dynamics of Tick Populations (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Rechav, Y.

doi:10.1093/jmedent/19.6.679

Cited by 87 publications

(61 citation statements)

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“…Rechav (1982), who collected ticks from cattle in the coastal region approximately 20 km to the south-west of East London, recovered large numbers of R. decoloratus, but no R. microplus. Furthermore, a survey conducted by Horak (1999) along the coast approximately 150 km to the south-w est of East London y ielded a small number of R.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Displacement of Rhipicephalus decoloratus by Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

2013

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The objective of the study was to establish to what extent the native tick species Rhipicephalus decoloratus had been displaced by the invasive introduced tick, Rhipicephalus microplus at two communally grazed areas in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. To this end ticks were collected monthly from 5 cattle over a period of 2 years and from 10 drag-samples of the vegetation over a period of one year at each locality. Whereas 10 years previously only R. decoloratus and no R. microplus had been recorded in the vicinity of the two sites, R. microplus now comprised the bulk of collections at both.Furthermore, significantly greater numbers of R. microplus were collected from cattle at both localities during the 2 nd year of the survey than during the 1 st (P<0.05 and P<0.01). In addition to 83 instances of intraspecific coupling, there were 17 instances of R. microplus males coupled with R. decoloratus females. Collections made from cattle and goats on 2 farms close to the study sites revealed that R. microplus was present on both host species and that it significantly outnumbered R. decoloratus on one of the farms (P<0.001). R. decoloratus and R. microplus larvae as well as larvae exhibiting characteristics of both species were collected from the vegetation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Displacement of Rhipicephalus decoloratus by Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

2013

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“…Tick infection proportions were estimated from a sample of ticks collected from two open-grazing farms in UM1 and three open-grazing farms in UM4. Adult ticks were collected through pasture flagging using cotton flags as described by Rechav [18] and were later dissected to remove the salivary glands for examination of infection with T. par a, as described by Buscher and Otim [19]. Tick infections were later determined through direct microscopy after staining the tick salivary glands with Schiff's (Fuelgen's) reagent to identify infected acini.…”

Section: Tick Counts and Tick Infection Proportionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the epidemiology of theileriosis on smallholder dairy farms in contrasting agro-ecological and grazing strata of highland Kenya

et al. 2000

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A prospective cohort study was conducted in five purposively-sampled agro-ecological zone (AEZ)-grazing system strata in Murang’a District, Kenya, between March 1995 and June 1996. The study strata were selected based on a preliminary characterization study to represent the widest range of risks to East Coast fever (ECF) in the District and included zero-grazing and open-grazing farms. In total, 225 calves from 188 smallholder farms were examined from birth to 6 months of age and visited within the first 2 weeks of life and thereafter at bi-weekly intervals for up to 14 visits.The purpose of the study was to characterize the differences in epidemiology (risks of infection, morbidity and mortality) and potential control of ECF between the selected strata. Evidence of Theileria parva infection was assessed by increased antibody levels as measured in an indirect ELISA assay by the percent positivity (PP) of serum samples relative to a strong positive reference serum.Sero-conversion risks of T. parva were highest in the open-grazing strata. Antibody prevalence in adult cattle and ECF morbidity and mortality risks were also highest in open-grazing strata. While different, all five AEZ-grazing strata were considered to be endemically unstable for ECF. East Coast fever challenge was low in all zero-grazing strata and this challenge is likely to remain low due to continuing intensification of smallholder farming in the central highlands. In the open-grazing strata, there was higher challenge and a greater impact of ECF.

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“…The seasonal occurrence of ixodid ticks on goats and cattle has been recorded at several localities in South Africa 3,[9][10][11]17,18 . Studies on the ticks infesting goats and cattle in the KwaZulu-Natal and Eastern…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cape provinces indicate that most of the species common on cattle are also present on goats, but in considerably lower numbers 4,17 . Because of the importance of Angora and Boer goats in commercial farming enterprises, many of the earlier surveys in South Africa have involved these animals 8,9,11,17 , and few targeted indigenous goats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ixodid ticks on indigenous goats owned by small-scale farmers in four communal grazing areas in South Africa

Bryson¹,

Tice²,

Horak³

et al. 2002

J. S. Afr. Vet. Assoc.

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Indigenous goats belonging to small-scale farmers in 4 communal grazing areas in South Africa were sampled for ixodid ticks during the period September 1991 to May 1993. Three of these areas were in the North West Province (Rietgat, Madinyane and Bethany), and one in Mpumalanga Province (Geluk). No tick control was practised unless requested by the owners. Seven ixodid tick species, of which the majority were immature ticks, were collected from the goats in North West Province. Amblyomma hebraeum was the most numerous of these, followed by Rhipicephalus evertsi evertsi and Rhipicephalus appendiculatus. Substantially more ticks were collected from goats at Rietgat than at the Madinyane and Bethany grazing areas. Five tick species were collected at Geluk and R. evertsi evertsi comprised more than 95 % of the total population. At Rietgat and Geluk A. hebraeum nymphs were present on goats throughout the year, while most R appendiculatus nymphs were collected during September and October 1991 and most adults during January and February 1992. At both Rietgat and Geluk most immature R. evertsi evertsi were collected from spring to late summer, while adults were present throughout the year

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Dynamics of Tick Populations (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa

Cited by 87 publications

References 0 publications

Displacement of Rhipicephalus decoloratus by Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Displacement of Rhipicephalus decoloratus by Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Differences in the epidemiology of theileriosis on smallholder dairy farms in contrasting agro-ecological and grazing strata of highland Kenya

Ixodid ticks on indigenous goats owned by small-scale farmers in four communal grazing areas in South Africa

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