Dynamics of the Elongation of Internodes in Maize (Zea mays L.): Analysis of Phases of Elongation and their Relationships to Phytomer Development

Fournier, Christian

doi:10.1006/anbo.2000.1217

Cited by 56 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It has been reported previously, that single internode elongation in wheat (Kirby 1988) and maize (Fournier and Andrieu 2000) follows a sigmoidal trend. Based on the present study, we assume that the sum effect of the elongation dynamics of all elongating internodes can be described as linear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monitoring the dynamics of wheat stem elongation: genotypes differ at critical stages

Kronenberg

Walter

et al. 2017

Euphytica

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Stem elongation is a critical phase for yield formation in wheat (Triticum aestivum). This study proposes the use of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) for phenotyping of growth dynamics during wheat stem elongation in high temporal resolution and high throughput in the field. TLS was implemented on a novel field phenotyping platform carrying a cable suspended sensor head moveable in 3D over a 1 ha field. Canopy height was recorded on 335 winter wheat genotypes across two consecutive years. Scans were done in 3-d intervals during the stem elongation phase. Per day, 714 plots (two replications plus checks) were scanned within 3.5 h. The results showed that canopy height increased linearly with thermal time. Based on this linearity, 15 and 95% of final height were used as proxy measures for the onset and termination of stem elongation, respectively. We observed high heritability between 0.76 and 0.91 for the onset, termination and duration of stem elongation. The onset of stem elongation showed a positive covariance with the termination of stem elongation and final height indicating some regulatory dependencies. Yet there was no apparent relationship between onset and duration of stem elongation. Due to its precision, the TLS method allows to measure the dynamics of stem elongation in large sets of genotypes. This in turn offers opportunities to investigate the genetic control of the transitions between early vegetative growth, stem elongation and flowering. Understanding the genetic control of these transitions is an important milestone towards knowledge-based crop improvement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Internode elongation has been described as a sigmoidal curve with a prominent middle phase of constant growth in wheat (Kirby 1988) as well as in maize (Fournier and Andrieu 2000). On canopy level over the whole SE period, height growth can therefore be interpreted as multiple stacked sigmoidal curves.…”

Section: Physiological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the dynamics of wheat stem elongation: genotypes differ at critical stages

Kronenberg

Walter

et al. 2017

Euphytica

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“…Detailed analysis of the extension of internodes in maize has recently been undertaken under field conditions for the short season cultivar Déa [10,11]. These authors found that the extension of internodes could be described by four consecutive stages of elongation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of internode and stem elongation in three cultivars of maize

2002

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-The kinetics of elongation of individual internodes, the peduncle and panicle of maize were studied in field experiments in Gatton (Australia) using two tropical cultivars, and compared to similar data previously collected in Grignon (France) on a temperate cultivar. Data for phytomer initiation and organ extension and appearance were related to thermal time calculated from the temperature in the growing zone. Extension of internodes was analysed using a four stage framework: -an initial exponential stage, transition to rapid extension, rapid (linear) extension and transition to final length. The kinetics of internode extension were similar in Gatton and Grignon, though the rates of processes differed. Transition from stage 1 to stage 2 coincided with collar emergence. The commencement of rapid extension of the peduncle coincided with a transient reduction in the rates of extension of vegetative internodes. Further work is needed to assess whether they are effects of genotype only, or genotype and environment. maize / internode / sheath / tassel / elongation Résumé -Cinétique d'extension des entre-noeuds et de la tige de trois cultivars de maïs. On a caractérisé la cinétique d'extension des entre-noeuds et de la panicule chez le maïs. Les résultats d'expérimentations au champ réalisées à Gatton (Australie) pour deux cultivars tropicaux sont comparés à ceux précédemment obtenus à Grignon (France) pour un cultivar adapté au climat tempéré. L'extension et l'apparition des organes sont analysées en fonction de la somme de température de la zone de croissance. L'extension est analysée selon un schéma en quatre phases : -une phase exponentielle, une phase de transition, une phase linéaire, et une phase de fin d'extension. La fin de la phase 1 coïncide avec l'émergence de la gaine du même phytomère. Les vitesses d'extension relatives (phase 1) ou linéaires (phase 3) diffèrent entre les expérimentations. Des expérimentations complémentaires seraient nécessaires pour déterminer les composantes génétiques et/ou environnementales de ces différences.

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“…These data have been analysed to describe four stages of internode extension. These are: Stage I, during which elongation is exponential; Stage II -which is short and during which extension rate increases rapidly; Stage III -extension rate is essentially constant and internode length increases linearly; and Stage IV, during which extension rate decreases as the internode approaches its final length (Fournier and Andrieu 2000).…”

Section: Requirements For Organ Initiation and Expansionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling kinetics of plant canopy architecture—concepts and applications

Birch

Andrieu²,

Fournier³

et al. 2003

European Journal of Agronomy

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Most crop models simulate the crop canopy as an homogeneous medium. This approach enables modelling of mass and energy transfer through relatively simple equations, and is useful for understanding crop production. However, schematisation of an homogeneous medium cannot address the heterogeneous nature of canopies and interactions between plants or plant organs, and errors in calculation of light interception may occur.Moreover, conventional crop models do not describe plant organs before they are visible externally e.g young leaves of grasses. The conditions during early growth of individual organs are important determinants of final organ size, causing difficulties in incorporating effects of environmental stresses in such models. Limited accuracy in describing temporal source-sink relationships also contributes to difficulty in modelling dry matter distribution and paramaterisation of harvest indices.Functional-architectural modelling overcomes these limitations by (i) representing crops as populations of individual plants specified in three dimensions and (ii) by modelling whole plant growth and development from the behaviour of individual organs, based on sound models of organs such as leaves and internodes. Since individual plants consist of numerous organs, generic models of organ growth applicable across species are desirable. Consequently, we are studying the development of individual organs, and parameterising it in terms of environmental variables and plant characteristics.Models incorporating plant architecture are currently applied in education, using dynamic visual representation for teaching growth and development. In research, the 3D representation of plants addresses issues presented above and new applications including modelling of pesticide distribution, fungal spore dispersal through splashing and plant to plant heterogeneity.

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Dynamics of the Elongation of Internodes in Maize (Zea mays L.): Analysis of Phases of Elongation and their Relationships to Phytomer Development

Cited by 56 publications

References 25 publications

Monitoring the dynamics of wheat stem elongation: genotypes differ at critical stages

Monitoring the dynamics of wheat stem elongation: genotypes differ at critical stages

Dynamics of internode and stem elongation in three cultivars of maize

Modelling kinetics of plant canopy architecture—concepts and applications

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