Dynamics of skyrmionic states in confined helimagnetic nanostructures

Abstract

In confined helimagnetic nanostructures, skyrmionic states in the form of incomplete and isolated skyrmion states can emerge as the ground state in absence of both external magnetic field and magnetocrystalline anisotropy. In this work, we study the dynamic properties (resonance frequencies and corresponding eigenmodes) of skyrmionic states in thin film FeGe disk samples. We employ two different methods in finite-element based micromagnetic simulation: eigenvalue and ringdown method. The eigenvalue method allows us to identify all resonance frequencies and corresponding eigenmodes that can exist in the simulated system. However, using a particular experimentally feasible excitation can excite only a limited set of eigenmodes. Because of that, we perform ringdown simulations that resemble the experimental setup using both in-plane and out-of-plane excitations. In addition, we report the nonlinear dependence of resonance frequencies on the external magnetic bias field and disk sample diameter and discuss the possible reversal mode of skyrmionic states. We compare the power spectral densities of incomplete skyrmion and isolated skyrmion states and observe several key differences that can contribute to the experimental identification of the state present in the sample. We measure the FeGe Gilbert damping, and using its value we determine what eigenmodes can be expected to be observed in experiments. Finally, we show that neglecting the demagnetisation energy contribution or ignoring the magnetisation variation in the out-of-film direction -although not changing the eigenmode's magnetisation dynamics significantly -changes their resonance frequencies substantially. Apart from contributing to the understanding of skyrmionic states physics, this systematic work can be used as a guide for the experimental identification of skyrmionic states in confined helimagnetic nanostructures.

Chiral magnetic excitations in FeGe films

“…Gilbert damping parameter is set to an artificially small value (=0.002) to capture enough periods of the natural oscillations so that we can identify the modes that are sustained by microwave driving [44,45]. To be consistent with the coordinate system we use for theoretical calculations in Sec.…”

“…3. Next, we compute spatially-averaged Fourier coefficients of all spins to obtain the power spectral density (PSD) [45]. The first region is at H=1750 Oe, where we observe a Kittel-type uniform resonance of the field-polarized state at 5 GHz (Fig.…”

A microwave field-driven transistor-like skyrmionic device with the microwave current-assisted skyrmion creation

“…Then a sinc-function field B 0 sin(2πf B t)/(2πf B t) with B 0 = 0.5 mT and f B = 200 GHz is applied along x-axis (in-plane). We record the time-dependent magnetization configuration m(t) every ∆t = 2 ps and analyze ∆m x (t) with spatially resolved (SR) methods 53,54 , as shown in Fig. 8b.…”

Collective magnetic skyrmion gyrotropic modes in a dot chain

“…Magnetic skyrmions exhibit non-trivial dynamics. Three low frequency (GHz range) excitation modes (clockwise, counterclockwise rotating modes, and breathing mode) were found in the collective spectra of the skyrmion lattices [10][11][12][13], and several gyrotropic and SW modes were found in the spectra of individual skyrmions in magnetic nanodots [14][15][16][17][18]. The physical origin of these modes is still actively discussed [14,16].…”