Dynamics of single-layer polymer breath figures

Kuo, Chie‐Tong; Lin, Yu-Sung; Liu, Tung-Kai; Liu, Hsuan-Chen; Hung, Wen-Chi; Jiang, I-Min; Tsai, Ming-Shiun; Hsu, Chia-Chen; Wu, C.H.

doi:10.1364/oe.18.018464

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…A balance between the two forces is critical for the formation of honeycomb patterns. If the driving force is dominant, the water droplets sink into the solution and move with high mobility toward the interface of substrate, polymer solution and air, as confirmed by Kuo et al in their study of the formation of PS honeycomb films using optical microscopy . On the other hand if there is insufficient driving force, the water droplets will float on the surface of the solution until they have grown sufficiently so as to overcome the resistance to sinking.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

The influence of casting parameters on the surface morphology of PS‐b‐P4VP honeycomb films

Chen

Blakey

Whittaker

2016

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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The “breath figures” method provides an efficient and cost‐effective method to produce highly ordered honeycomb patterns in polymeric films at micrometer and sub‐micrometer dimensions. The size and regularity of the pores can be adjusted through a series of physical and chemical parameters. In this study, amphiphilic diblock copolymers, polystyrene‐block‐poly(4‐vinyl pyridine) (PS‐b‐P4VP) with different lengths of P4VP, were synthesized through Reversible Addition‐Fragmentation Chain Transfer polymerization. The honeycomb‐patterned films were prepared from these well‐defined polymers through the dynamic breath figures method. A series of physical parameters including solution concentration, flow rate, humidity of the flow, and the humidity of the casting environment, were delicately adjusted to systematically investigate their effects on the morphology of the films. These studies identified four key factors which were found to influence the formation of the pattern. No obvious effect was found on the pore size by changing the length of P4VP block. The result provides clear direction on the fabrication of PS‐b‐P4VP honeycomb‐patterned films and more broadly contributes a deeper understanding of the processes involved in the formation of honeycomb patterns. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 3721–3732

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

The influence of casting parameters on the surface morphology of PS‐b‐P4VP honeycomb films

Chen

Blakey

Whittaker

2016

J. Polym. Sci. Part A: Polym. Chem.

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“…The BF formation mechanism has been widely studied using solid and liquid surfaces [31,[39][40][41][42][43][44] and literature is today available concerning aspects such as droplet nucleation and growth [39,[42][43][44][45][46][47] or coalescence [39,[48][49][50][51][52][53]. On the contrary, far more limited literature can be found devoted to understanding the patterning formation using breath figures from polymer solutions [54][55][56][57][58][59].…”

Section: Few Insights On the Breath Figures Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10.1 [41,60]: in the initial stage (A), the endothermic evaporation of the solvent resulted in a decrease of the solvent temperature, thus triggering the water condensation. In the following stages the rising of temperature compensates the decrease of temperature of the initial stage [59]. Then, an initial heterogeneous nucleation of the water droplets formed on the surface and the growth of the isolated droplets occurs (B).…”

Section: Few Insights On the Breath Figures Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the evolution of the solution temperature was explored during solvent (carbon disulfide) evaporation and it was shown that a noticeable temperature variation occurred during the solvent evaporation. The first stage showed a sharp drop in temperature down to 10 C for the first 100 s and the second stage showed a slow rising of temperature up to 25 C [59]. The moist atmosphere, used either in static or dynamic conditions, usually produces periodic structures within a pore size range of 1-20 μm [25,27,28].…”

Section: Pore Dimensions and Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Breath Figures: Fabrication of Honeycomb Porous Films Induced by Marangoni Instabilities

Muñoz‐Bonilla¹,

Save²,

Billon³

et al. 2015

Polymer Surfaces in Motion

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The creation of porous polymer surfaces is a center of interest in current research. Porous surfaces possess extremely high specific surface areas, thus allowing their employment in a large variety of applications including electronics, photonics or biotechnology [1,2]. Pore size and distribution can play a major role in selective transportation or in insulation processes amongst others [3]. Those porous materials with cavities in the micrometer size range are interesting in catalysis, sensors, membrane preparation or as scaffolds for composite materials. Moreover porous materials with pore dimensions comparable to the wavelength of visible light are of interest as photonic band-gaps and optical stop-bands.Structures with micrometer or submicrometer dimensions can be created using different templating methods [4,5]. A large variety of approaches have been developed and employed to prepare microporous structured materials, including the use of templates such as ordered arrays of colloidal particles to produce inverse opal structures [6][7][8][9], from transformed polymeric sphere arrays [10,11], using emulsion droplets as templates [12], employing natural biological templates [13][14][15][16], by

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“…Furthermore, microstructured surfaces in the field of tissue engineering serve as a cell growth material 4, 5. Among many methods of fabrication of porous polymer films, the Breath‐Figure (BF) method6–8 has attracted much attention due to the simple process of fabricating pores. This technique produces two‐dimensional honeycomb networks that may be used as soft lithography templates 9.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of different stabilizers on the formation of self‐assembled porous film via the breath‐figure technique

Amirkhani

Berger

Abdel‐Mohsen

et al. 2011

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

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The Breath-Figure technique was employed to imprint honeycomb structures in the polymer films via the condensation of water vapor on the surface of an evaporating polymer solution. Generally, the condensed water droplets can be stabilized by an end-functional polymer or by particles added to the polymer solution. In this study, we carried out a systematic experiment on the effect of different stabilizers on the porous honeycomb structure under identical physical conditions. The end-functional polymer produced a large area of regular spherical bubbles, whereas adding particles to the polymer solution leads to smaller arrays of the flattened bottom bubbles. The separation length between pores was larger for polymer/particle sample than that of the end-functional polymer films. In the regular area of polymer/particle film many bubbles were not decorated by particles.

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Dynamics of single-layer polymer breath figures

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

The influence of casting parameters on the surface morphology of PS‐b‐P4VP honeycomb films

The influence of casting parameters on the surface morphology of PS‐b‐P4VP honeycomb films

Breath Figures: Fabrication of Honeycomb Porous Films Induced by Marangoni Instabilities

The effect of different stabilizers on the formation of self‐assembled porous film via the breath‐figure technique

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