Dynamics of rooting and root-length: leaf-area relationships as affected by plant population in sunflower crops

Sadras, Víctor O.; Hall, Anthony; Trápani, N.; Vilella, F.

doi:10.1016/0378-4290(89)90088-9

Cited by 59 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Increased root length per plant under drip fertigation compared with conventional fertilization in the 30-to 50-cm soil layer increased N absorption from deeper soil, which was associated with less N min in the 30-to 50-cm soil layer for drip fertigation compared with conventional fertilization. Under the H cropping system, the increase in plant density probably reduced the soil space for the roots of individual plants, thereby inhibiting the rate and extent of root growth (Sadras et al, 1989;Rubio et al, 2001). These results from a single year provide a possible explanation for increased postsilking N accumulation for drip fertigation compared with conventional fertilization under the L cropping system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Multisplit Nitrogen Application via Drip Irrigation Improves Maize Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

et al. 2017

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Conventional fertilization with most N applied before or during early maize (Zea mays L.) growth stages can negatively affect production if soil N is insufficient after silking. Here, drip irrigation with a split application of N (drip fertigation) was evaluated to determine whether the effect on yield and N use efficiency (NUE) differs with cropping practice. Compared with conventional fertilization, drip fertigation increased yield by 13 and 14% at a low planting density under a low N rate (L) and by 15% at a high planting density under a high N rate (H) in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Yield increases under drip fertigation were attributed to 18 and 17% increases in postsilking dry matter (DM) accumulation under L, and 12 and 10% increases in presilking DM accumulation, and 17 and 16% increases in postsilking DM accumulation under H in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Increased postsilking N accumulation under drip fertigation, promoted by greater root length and soil mineral N after silking, maintained increased leaf area index (LAI) and DM accumulation rate to improve postsilking DM accumulation under L. Greater N accumulation under drip fertigation from the 12‐leaf stage to silking and after silking promoted greater LAI and DM accumulation rate to increase pre‐ and postsilking DM accumulation under H. Because of greater grain yield and N uptake and less water consumption, drip irrigation improved NUE and irrigation water use efficiency. Drip fertigation can effectively improving maize grain yield and NUE resulting from improved DM accumulation with increased early‐season N uptake.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Multisplit Nitrogen Application via Drip Irrigation Improves Maize Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

et al. 2017

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“…Deeper roots (Pannu and Singh, 1993;Sadras et al, 1989) and higher transpiration-use efficiency at leaf level due to intermittent and mild water deficits (Sengupta et al, 2011) might also have contributed to increased water uptake and crop water use efficiency in narrow rows. Higher T in narrow rows could be a key driver underpinning the canopy growth and development and that in turn, could have led to higher dry matter production in narrow rows.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The higher ETa in narrow rows could be due to increased soil water uptake, greater root length density (Sharratt and McWilliams, 2005), and deeper root systems (Sadras et al, 1989), as well as soil evaporation. The higher proportion of T in ETa in narrow row spacing treatments across all the six production environments (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological basis of yield variation in response to row spacing and plant density of mungbean grown in subtropical environments

Rachaputi

Chauhan²,

Douglas³

et al. 2015

Field Crops Research

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a b s t r a c tIn this study, we investigated the extent and physiological bases of yield variation due to row spacing and plant density configuration in the mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] variety "Crystal" grown in different subtropical environments. Field trials were conducted in six production environments; one rain-fed and one irrigated trial each at Biloela and Emerald, and one rain-fed trial each at Hermitage and Kingaroy sites in Queensland, Australia. In each trial, six combinations of spatial arrangement of plants, achieved through two inter-row spacings of 1 m or 0.9 m (wide row), 0.5 m or 0.3 m (narrow row), with three plant densities, 20, 30 and 40 plants/m 2 , were compared. The narrow row spacing resulted in 22% higher shoot dry matter and 14% more yield compared to the wide rows. The yield advantage of narrow rows ranged from 10% to 36% in the two irrigated and three rain-fed trials. However, yield loss of up to 10% was also recorded from narrow rows at Emerald where the crop suffered severe drought. Neither the effects of plant density, nor the interaction between plant density and row spacing, however, were significant in any trial. The yield advantage of narrow rows was related to 22% more intercepted radiation. In addition, simulations by the Agricultural Production Systems Simulator model, using sitespecific agronomy, soil and weather information, suggested that narrow rows had proportionately greater use of soil water through transpiration, compared to evaporation resulting in higher yield per mm of soil water. The long-term simulation of yield probabilities over 123 years for the two row configurations showed that the mungbean crop planted in narrow rows could produce up to 30% higher grain yield compared to wide rows in 95% of the seasons.

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“…The perennial habit emphasizes maintenance of a position in the ecosystem through production of longer primary roots, whereas the annual strategy is to benefit from colonizing new areas through production of more lateral roots. Cultivated sunflower increases its deep roots at the expense of roots near the surface (Sadras et al 1989). The wild annual species H. petiolaris maintains its surface roots to take advantage of available moisture, but also produces deep roots (Sobrado and Turner 1986).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Differences in rooting depth and root density exist in many crop species. Knowledge of rooting depth and expansion in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is limited (Jones 1984;Sadras et al 1989;McMichael and Quisenberry 1993;Aguirrezabel et al 1994;Seiler 1994Seiler , 1998Aguirrezabel and Tardieu 1996;Angadi and Entz 2002a).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Root growth of interspecific sunflower seedlings derived from wild perennial sunflower species

Seiler¹

2008

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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Seiler, G. J. 2008. Root growth of interspecific sunflower seedlings derived from wild perennial sunflower species. Can. J. Plant Sci. 88: 705Á712. Early root and hypocotyl growth and root branching patterns were characterized for five genetically diverse interspecific sunflower hybrids derived from wild perennial Helianthus species and two cultivated hybrids. Seedlings were grown in polyethylene pouches at 258C in the dark for 10 d. The hybrid and days after sowing (DAS) were sources of variation for primary and lateral root length, number of lateral roots, root branching density, root fresh weight, and hypocotyl length and fresh weight. There were high positive correlations among root growth characteristics that should be helpful in selecting sunflower hybrids adapted to arid conditions. The wild interspecific sunflower hybrids derived from wild perennial species possessed less-than-expected variability in early root growth. Nevertheless, there appears to be adequate genetic variability for further selection and genetic improvement.Key words: Helianthus species, growth pouch, primary roots, lateral roots, branching density, hypocotyl Seiler, G. J. 2008. Croissance des racines de plantules interspe´cifiques de tournesol venant d'une espe`ce sauvage de tournesol vivace. Can. J. Plant Sci. 88: 705Á712. L'auteur a caracte´rise´les de´buts de croissance des racines et des hypocotyles de cinq hybrides de tournesol ge´ne´tiquement distincts, issus d'un croisement entre une espe`ce sauvage vivace du genre Helianthus et deux varie´te´s cultive´es. Les plantules ont e´te´cultive´es pendant dix jours, dans l'obscurite´et a`258C, dans des sacs de polye´thyle`ne. L'hybride et le nombre de jours apre`s les semis modifient la longueur des racines primaires et late´rales, la densite´des ramifications des racines, le poids frais des racines ainsi que la longueur et le poids frais des hypocotyles. Les proprie´te´s de croissance des racines qui devraient faciliter la se´lection d'hybrides de tournesol adapte´s aux conditions arides pre´sentent une e´troite corre´lation positive. La croissance des racines varie moins qu'on le pre´voyait a`ses de´buts, chez les varie´te´s interspe´cifiques de´rive´es de l'espe`ce sauvage vivace. Quoiqu'il en soit, la variabilite´semble suffisante pour autoriser une plus grande se´lection et ame´lioration ge´ne´tique.

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Dynamics of rooting and root-length: leaf-area relationships as affected by plant population in sunflower crops

Cited by 59 publications

References 25 publications

Multisplit Nitrogen Application via Drip Irrigation Improves Maize Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

Multisplit Nitrogen Application via Drip Irrigation Improves Maize Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

Physiological basis of yield variation in response to row spacing and plant density of mungbean grown in subtropical environments

Root growth of interspecific sunflower seedlings derived from wild perennial sunflower species

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