Dynamics of plasma micronutrient concentrations and their correlation with serum proteins and thyroid hormones in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis

Custódio, Jeniffer Michelline de Oliveira; Enokida, Iasmim Mayumi; Gonçalves, Daniel A.; Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone de; Venturini, James; Carvalho, Lídia Raquel de; Mendes, Rinaldo Pôncio; Paniago, Anamaria Mello Miranda

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0226609

Cited by 4 publications

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“…Additionally, severe cases were associated with higher ferritin levels, probably because of the production of IL-6 caused by fungal infection. A previous study by our group reported similar results [14].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The host-parasite interaction and consequent inflammatory response lead to changes in iron metabolism dynamics. These changes can be observed in some patients with PCM [14], which is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease requiring long-term treatment. Understanding the frequency and intensity of iron metabolism disturbances in patients with chronic PCM will help improve therapeutic management.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iron metabolism disorders of patients with chronic paracoccidioidomycosis

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Siqueira

Venturini

et al. 2023

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Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is caused by Paracoccidioides spp.; during infection, some host mechanisms limit the availability of iron, thereby reducing its reproduction. However, Paracoccidioides spp. can evade the immune defense and, even under limited iron conditions, use this mineral for growth and dissemination. This study evaluated the iron metabolism of 39 patients who were diagnosed with chronic PCM between 2013 and 2021. The forms of iron before treatment and at the time of clinical cure were evaluated based on the following: serum ferritin levels (storage iron); total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and transferrin saturation (TSAT) level (transport iron); red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels; and sTfR/log ferritin ratio (functional iron). The mean age of the patients was 54.5 years (±6.7 years). Most patients were men (97.4%), rural workers (92.1%), and smokers (84.6%); most had moderate disease severity (66.7%). Before treatment, the median values of all evaluated parameters were within or just slightly outside the normal range of values. However, it is possible to infer that PCM interferes with functional and storage iron because improvements in these parameters after treatment as well as associations with disease severity were observed. Furthermore, moderate correlations were observed between C-reactive protein and the Hb (r=-0.500; p=0.002), RBC (r=-0.461; p=0.005), HCT (r=-0.514; p=0.001), and iron levels (r=-0.491; p=0.002). PCM interferes with iron metabolism by transforming functional iron to storage iron, as revealed by anemia, low iron levels with normal TSAT levels, normal TIBC, normal sTfR levels, normal sTfR/log ferritin ratios, and normal or slightly increased ferritin levels. PCM can lead to anemia of inflammation, which can be differentiated from iron deficiency anemia by a careful investigation of the iron form parameters.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: (Which Was Not Certified By Peer Review)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Iron metabolism disorders of patients with chronic paracoccidioidomycosis

Brito

Siqueira

Venturini

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

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Correction: Dynamics of plasma micronutrient concentrations and their correlation with serum proteins and thyroid hormones in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis

2020

PLoS ONE

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Iron metabolism disorders of patients with chronic paracoccidioidomycosis

et al. 2023

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Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is caused by Paracoccidioides spp.; during infection, some host mechanisms limit the availability of iron, thereby reducing its reproduction. However, Paracoccidioides spp. can evade the immune defense and, even under limited iron conditions, use this mineral for growth and dissemination. This study evaluated the iron metabolism of 39 patients who were diagnosed with chronic PCM from 2013 to 2021. The forms of iron before treatment and at the time of clinical cure were evaluated based on the following: serum ferritin levels (storage iron); total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) and transferrin saturation (TSAT) level (transport iron); red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), and soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels; and sTfR/log ferritin ratio (functional iron). The mean age of the patients was 54.5 years (±6.7 years). Most patients were men (97.4%), rural workers (92.1%), and smokers (84.6%); furthermore, most had moderate disease severity (66.7%). After achieving clinical cure, we observed that serum ferritin levels decreased, and parameters of functional iron increased. The extent of alteration in these parameters were more pronounced in severe cases than in to mild or moderate cases. Furthermore, moderate correlations were observed between C-reactive protein and the Hb (r = -0.500; p = 0.002), RBC (r = -0.461; p = 0.005), HCT (r = -0.514; p = 0.001), and iron levels (r = -0.491; p = 0.002). However, it is possible to infer that PCM interferes with functional and storage iron because improvements in these parameters after treatment as well as associations with disease severity were observed. PCM can lead to anemia of inflammation, which can be differentiated from iron deficiency anemia by a careful investigation of the iron form parameters.

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Dynamics of plasma micronutrient concentrations and their correlation with serum proteins and thyroid hormones in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 50 publications

Iron metabolism disorders of patients with chronic paracoccidioidomycosis

Iron metabolism disorders of patients with chronic paracoccidioidomycosis

Correction: Dynamics of plasma micronutrient concentrations and their correlation with serum proteins and thyroid hormones in patients with paracoccidioidomycosis

Iron metabolism disorders of patients with chronic paracoccidioidomycosis

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