Dynamics of nuclear receptor gene expression during Pacific oyster development

Vogeler, Susanne; Bean, Tim P.; Lyons, Brett P.; Galloway, Tamara S.

doi:10.1186/s12861-016-0129-6

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Among the other transcripts targeted by F_smithRNAs, one is particularly interesting for a DUI system: the Nuclear receptor subfamily 0 group B member 1 (NR0B1). This protein has been reported to be crucial for sex determination in several species, including one bivalve ( Crassostrea gigas ; Vogeler et al 2014 , 2016 ). M_smithRNAs target three transcripts related to microtubule motors, four involved in chromatin remodeling, and nine in other biological processes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SmithRNAs: Could Mitochondria “Bend” Nuclear Regulation?

Pozzi

Plazzi

Milani

et al. 2017

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Typically, animal mitochondria have very compact genomes, with few short intergenic regions, and no introns. Hence, it may seem that there is little space for unknown functions in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). However, mtDNA can also operate through RNA interference, as small non coding RNAs (sncRNAs) produced by mtDNA have already been proposed for humans. We sequenced sncRNA libraries from isolated mitochondria of Ruditapes philippinarum (Mollusca Bivalvia) gonads, a species with doubly uniparental inheritance of mitochondria, and identified several putative sncRNAs of mitochondrial origin. Some sncRNAs are transcribed by intergenic regions that form stable stem-hairpin structures, which makes them good miRNA-like candidates. We decided to name them small mitochondrial highly-transcribed RNAs (smithRNAs). Many concurrent data support that we have recovered sncRNAs of mitochondrial origin that might be involved in gonad formation and able to affect nuclear gene expression. This possibility has been never suggested before. If mtDNA can affect nuclear gene expression through RNA interference, this opens a plethora of new possibilities for it to interact with the nucleus, and makes metazoan mtDNA a much more complex genome than previously thought.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

SmithRNAs: Could Mitochondria “Bend” Nuclear Regulation?

Pozzi

Plazzi

Milani

et al. 2017

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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“…One microliter of total RNA of treated larvae and controls (water & DMSO) were reverse transcribed and following qPCRs with gene specific primers and reference genes including additional statistics were performed as previously described [63]. No RNA could be extracted for ATRA high which was therefore excluded from this analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloning retinoid and peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear receptors of the Pacific oyster and in silico binding to environmental chemicals

et al. 2017

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Disruption of nuclear receptors, a transcription factor superfamily regulating gene expression in animals, is one proposed mechanism through which pollution causes effects in aquatic invertebrates. Environmental pollutants have the ability to interfere with the receptor’s functions through direct binding and inducing incorrect signals. Limited knowledge of invertebrate endocrinology and molecular regulatory mechanisms, however, impede the understanding of endocrine disruptive effects in many aquatic invertebrate species. Here, we isolated three nuclear receptors of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas: two isoforms of the retinoid X receptor, CgRXR-1 and CgRXR-2, a retinoic acid receptor ortholog CgRAR, and a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ortholog CgPPAR. Computer modelling of the receptors based on 3D crystal structures of human proteins was used to predict each receptor’s ability to bind to different ligands in silico. CgRXR showed high potential to bind and be activated by 9-cis retinoic acid and the organotin tributyltin (TBT). Computer modelling of CgRAR revealed six residues in the ligand binding domain, which prevent the successful interaction with natural and synthetic retinoid ligands. This supports an existing theory of loss of retinoid binding in molluscan RARs. Modelling of CgPPAR was less reliable due to high discrepancies in sequence to its human ortholog. Yet, there are suggestions of binding to TBT, but not to rosiglitazone. The effect of potential receptor ligands on early oyster development was assessed after 24h of chemical exposure. TBT oxide (0.2μg/l), all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) (0.06 mg/L) and perfluorooctanoic acid (20 mg/L) showed high effects on development (>74% abnormal developed D-shelled larvae), while rosiglitazone (40 mg/L) showed no effect. The results are discussed in relation to a putative direct (TBT) disruption effect on nuclear receptors. The inability of direct binding of ATRA to CgRAR suggests either a disruptive effect through a pathway excluding nuclear receptors or an indirect interaction. Our findings provide valuable information on potential mechanisms of molluscan nuclear receptors and the effects of environmental pollution on aquatic invertebrates.

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“…Life cycle of oyster showing the results of exposures on different stages to MP/NP. This scheme was modified fromVogeler et al (2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanoplastics impaired oyster free living stages, gametes and embryos

Tallec

Huvet

Poi

et al. 2018

Environmental Pollution

220

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In the marine environment, most bivalve species base their reproduction on external fertilization. Hence, gametes and young stages face many threats, including exposure to plastic wastes which represent more than 80% of the debris in the oceans. Recently, evidence has been produced on the presence of nanoplastics in oceans, thus motivating new studies of their impacts on marine life. Because no information is available about their environmental concentrations, we performed dose-response exposure experiments with polystyrene particles to assess the extent of micro/nanoplastic toxicity. Effects of polystyrene with different sizes and functionalizations (plain 2-μm, 500-nm and 50-nm; COOH-50 nm and NH-50 nm) were assessed on three key reproductive steps (fertilization, embryogenesis and metamorphosis) of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas). Nanoplastics induced a significant decrease in fertilization success and in embryo-larval development with numerous malformations up to total developmental arrest. The NH-50 beads had the strongest toxicity to both gametes (EC = 4.9 μg/mL) and embryos (EC = 0.15 μg/mL), showing functionalization-dependent toxicity. No effects of plain microplastics were recorded. These results highlight that exposures to nanoplastics may have deleterious effects on planktonic stages of oysters, presumably interacting with biological membranes and causing cyto/genotoxicity with potentially drastic consequences for their reproductive success.

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Dynamics of nuclear receptor gene expression during Pacific oyster development

Cited by 35 publications

References 103 publications

SmithRNAs: Could Mitochondria “Bend” Nuclear Regulation?

SmithRNAs: Could Mitochondria “Bend” Nuclear Regulation?

Cloning retinoid and peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear receptors of the Pacific oyster and in silico binding to environmental chemicals

Nanoplastics impaired oyster free living stages, gametes and embryos

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