Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibody and T-Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern after Primary Immunization with CoronaVac and Booster with BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 in Health Care Workers

Jantarabenjakul, Watsamon; Sodsai, Pimpayao; Chantasrisawad, Napaporn; Jitsatja, Anusara; Ninwattana, Sasiprapa; Thippamom, Nattakarn; Ruenjaiman, Vichaya; Tan, Chee Wah; Pradit, Rakchanok; Sophonphan, Jiratchaya; Wacharapluesadee, Supaporn; Wang, Lin‐Fa; Puthanakit, Thanyawee; Hirankarn, Nattiya; Putcharoen, Opass

doi:10.3390/vaccines10050639

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Studies have demonstrated that protection conferred by booster vaccination wanes ( 54 – 56 ). Currently, the data necessary to use this approach to evaluate the durability of immunity following booster vaccination are not available to expand our analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The durability of natural infection and vaccine-induced immunity against future infection by SARS-CoV-2

Townsend

Hassler

Sah

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The durability of vaccine-mediated immunity to SARS-CoV-2, the durations to breakthrough infection, and the optimal timings of booster vaccination are crucial knowledge for pandemic response. Here, we applied comparative evolutionary analyses to estimate the durability of immunity and the likelihood of breakthrough infections over time following vaccination by BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech), mRNA-1273 (Moderna), ChAdOx1 (Oxford-AstraZeneca), and Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson/Janssen). We evaluated anti-Spike (S) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels elicited by each vaccine relative to natural infection. We estimated typical trajectories of waning and corresponding infection probabilities, providing the distribution of times to breakthrough infection for each vaccine under endemic conditions. Peak antibody levels elicited by messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines mRNA-1273 and BNT1262b2 exceeded that of natural infection and are expected to typically yield more durable protection against breakthrough infections (median 29.6 mo; 5 to 95% quantiles 10.9 mo to 7.9 y) than natural infection (median 21.5 mo; 5 to 95% quantiles 3.5 mo to 7.1 y). Relative to mRNA-1273 and BNT1262b2, viral vector vaccines ChAdOx1 and Ad26.COV2.S exhibit similar peak anti-S IgG antibody responses to that from natural infection and are projected to yield lower, shorter-term protection against breakthrough infection (median 22.4 mo and 5 to 95% quantiles 4.3 mo to 7.2 y; and median 20.5 mo and 5 to 95% quantiles 2.6 mo to 7.0 y; respectively). These results leverage the tools from evolutionary biology to provide a quantitative basis for otherwise unknown parameters that are fundamental to public health policy decision-making.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The durability of natural infection and vaccine-induced immunity against future infection by SARS-CoV-2

Townsend

Hassler

Sah

et al. 2022

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…The situation is becoming even worse due to the waning immunity to the first COVID-19 booster dose and the emergence of highly contagious variants of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, several countries have already recommended a second booster for vulnerable groups [ 15 , 70 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primary real-world data support the effectiveness of a first booster dose since SARS-CoV-2 infection rate, hospitalization rate and COVID-19-related mortality are lower among individuals who receive a first booster shot after the primary vaccination [ 12 , 13 ]. In addition, a first booster dose, when it is administered several months after the second COVID-19 vaccine dose, induces a robust immune response and prolongs protection [ 14 , 15 ]. Moreover, many countries have already recommended a second booster dose for high-risk groups to further support immunization against SARS-CoV-2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First COVID-19 Booster Dose in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Willingness and Its Predictors

et al. 2022

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The emergence of breakthrough infections and new highly contagious variants of SARS-CoV-2 threaten the immunization in individuals who had completed the primary COVID-19 vaccination. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated, for the first time, acceptance of the first COVID-19 booster dose and its associated factors among fully vaccinated individuals. We followed the PRISMA guidelines. We searched Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, ProQuest, CINAHL and medrxiv from inception to 21 May 2022. We found 14 studies including 104,047 fully vaccinated individuals. The prevalence of individuals who intend to accept a booster was 79.0%, while the prevalence of unsure individuals was 12.6%, and the prevalence of individuals that intend to refuse a booster was 14.3%. The main predictors of willingness were older age, flu vaccination in the previous season, and confidence in COVID-19 vaccination. The most important reasons for decline were adverse reactions and discomfort experienced after previous COVID-19 vaccine doses and concerns for serious adverse reactions to COVID-19 booster doses. Considering the burden of COVID-19, a high acceptance rate of booster doses could be critical in controlling the pandemic. Our findings are innovative and could help policymakers to design and implement specific COVID-19 vaccination programs in order to decrease booster vaccine hesitancy.

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“…Several studies suggest that administration of a COVID-19 booster dose improves the immunogenicity of the vaccine and prolongs protection (Bar-On et al, 2021; Falsey et al, 2021; Jantarabenjakul et al, 2022). Early evidence from a study in Israel shows high vaccine immunoreactivity in healthcare workers (Saiag et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, waning immunity to a first booster and evolving highly contagious variants of SARS-CoV-2 have led to the consensus recommendation of prioritizing high-risk groups (e.g. oncologic patients, HIV patients, organ transplant recipients, and adults 65 years of age or older with comorbidities) for a second booster dose in various countries (Jantarabenjakul et al, 2022; Patalon et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of second COVID-19 booster dose or new COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among nurses: a cross-sectional study

Galanis

Vraka

Katsiroumpa

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Aims and objectives: To assess the levels of second COVID-19 booster dose or new COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among nurses and explore the potential predictors of vaccine hesitancy. Background: COVID-19 full vaccination seems to be highly effective against highly contagious variants of SARS-CoV-2. Healthcare workers are a high-risk group since they have experienced high levels of COVID-19-associated morbidity and mortality. Methods: An on-line cross-sectional study was carried out in Greece in May 2022, using a self-administered questionnaire. The study population included nurses in healthcare services who were fully vaccinated against COVID-19 at the time of study. We considered socio-demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related variables, and attitudes toward COVID-19 vaccination and pandemic as potential predictors of vaccine hesitancy. Results: Among 795 nurses, 30.9% were hesitant toward a second booster dose or a new COVID-19 vaccine. Independent predictors of hesitancy included lower educational level, absence of a chronic condition, good/very good self-perceived physical health, lack of flu vaccination during 2021, front-line nurses that provided healthcare to COVID-19 patients during the pandemic, nurses that had not been diagnosed with COVID-19 during the pandemic, and nurses that had at least one relative/friend that has died from COVID-19. Moreover, increased compliance with hygiene measures, increased fear of a second booster dose/new COVID-19 vaccine, and decreased trust in COVID-19 vaccination were associated with increased hesitancy. Conclusions: Our study shows that a significant percentage of nurses are hesitant toward a second booster dose/new COVID-19 vaccine. This initial hesitancy could be a barrier to efforts to control the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a need to communicate COVID-19 vaccine science in a way that is accessible to nurses in order to decrease COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy.

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Dynamics of Neutralizing Antibody and T-Cell Responses to SARS-CoV-2 and Variants of Concern after Primary Immunization with CoronaVac and Booster with BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1 in Health Care Workers

Cited by 19 publications

References 33 publications

The durability of natural infection and vaccine-induced immunity against future infection by SARS-CoV-2

The durability of natural infection and vaccine-induced immunity against future infection by SARS-CoV-2

First COVID-19 Booster Dose in the General Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Willingness and Its Predictors

Predictors of second COVID-19 booster dose or new COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among nurses: a cross-sectional study

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