Dynamics of Myosin II Filaments during Wound Repair in Dividing Cells

Tanvir, Md. Istiaq Obaidi; Itoh, Go; Adachi, Hiroyuki; Yumura, Shigehiko

doi:10.3390/cells10051229

Cited by 7 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…1B show a typical time course of fluorescence images of dividing cells expressing GFP-lifeact, a marker of actin filaments when the furrow membrane was wounded. Similar to our previous observations 25 , actin transiently accumulated between 2.5 and 26 s, with a peak at 10 s, after wounding.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Cortexillin is a member of the alpha-actinin/spectrin superfamily, which localizes at the cleavage furrow and is required for its constriction [33][34][35][36] . We previously showed that cortexillin transiently disappears after wounding similar to myosin II 25 . Figure 2C shows the time course of furrow constriction in dividing cortexillin A and B double-null cells (Cortexillin A/B-null).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Under a deficiency of actin polymerization, wounds do not heal 23,24 . However, myosin II is not essential for the wound repair process in Dictyostelium cells 25 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Under a deficiency of actin polymerization, wounds do not heal 23,24 . However, myosin II is not essential for the wound repair process in Dictyostelium cells 25 .We previously showed that a wound modulates the polarity of cell migration 26 . When a migrating Dictyostelium cell is wounded at its anterior region, the cell retracts its anterior pseudopods, extends a new pseudopod at the posterior region, and migrates in the opposite direction; however, when wounded in the posterior part, the cell does not change its polarity but moves away from the wounded site with an increasing speed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of wounds in the cell membrane on cell division

Tanvir

Yumura

2023

Sci Rep

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Cells are consistently subjected to wounding by physical or chemical damages from the external environment. We previously showed that a local wound of the cell membrane modulates the polarity of cell migration and the wounded cells escape from the wound site in Dictyostelium. Here, we examined effects of wounds on dividing cells. When the cell membrane at the cleavage furrow during cytokinesis was locally wounded using laserporation, furrow constriction was significantly accelerated. Neither myosin II nor cortexillins contributed to the acceleration, because the acceleration was not hindered in mutant cells deficient in these proteins. When the cell membrane outside the furrow was wounded, the furrow constriction was not accelerated. Instead, the wounded-daughter half became smaller and the unwounded half became larger, resulting in an asymmetrical cell division. These phenomena occurred independently of wound repair. When cells in anaphase were wounded at the presumptive polar region, about 30% of the wounded cells changed the orientation of the division axis. From these observations, we concluded that dividing cells also escape from the wound site. The wound experiments on dividing cells also provide new insights into the mechanism of cytokinesis and cell polarity establishment.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Under a deficiency of actin polymerization, wounds do not heal 23,24 . However, myosin II is not essential for the wound repair process in Dictyostelium cells 25 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of wounds in the cell membrane on cell division

Tanvir

Yumura

2023

Sci Rep

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“…Similar to Xenopus oocytes, Dictyostelium cells, C. elegans hypodermal cells, and sea urchin coelomocytes have demonstrated myosin-independent wound closure mechanisms [ 12 , 14 , 78 , 87 ]. Wounded Dictyostelium cells did not exhibit additional myosin recruitment to the injury site and myosin null cells were able to repair wounds comparable to wild-type cells [ 12 , 87 ]. Likewise, coelomocytes treated with the kinase inhibitor KT5926 did not affect wound closure, indicating a myosin-independent wound closure mechanism [ 78 ].…”

Section: Actin Ring Translocationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wrangling Actin Assemblies: Actin Ring Dynamics during Cell Wound Repair

Hui

Stjepić

Nakamura

et al. 2022

Cells

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To cope with continuous physiological and environmental stresses, cells of all sizes require an effective wound repair process to seal breaches to their cortex. Once a wound is recognized, the cell must rapidly plug the injury site, reorganize the cytoskeleton and the membrane to pull the wound closed, and finally remodel the cortex to return to homeostasis. Complementary studies using various model organisms have demonstrated the importance and complexity behind the formation and translocation of an actin ring at the wound periphery during the repair process. Proteins such as actin nucleators, actin bundling factors, actin-plasma membrane anchors, and disassembly factors are needed to regulate actin ring dynamics spatially and temporally. Notably, Rho family GTPases have been implicated throughout the repair process, whereas other proteins are required during specific phases. Interestingly, although different models share a similar set of recruited proteins, the way in which they use them to pull the wound closed can differ. Here, we describe what is currently known about the formation, translocation, and remodeling of the actin ring during the cell wound repair process in model organisms, as well as the overall impact of cell wound repair on daily events and its importance to our understanding of certain diseases and the development of therapeutic delivery modalities.

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Dynamics of actomyosin filaments in the contractile ring revealed by ultrastructural analysis

Arima,

Okita,

Yumura

2023

Genes to Cells

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Cytokinesis, the final process of cell division, involves the accumulation of actin and myosin II filaments at the cell's equator, forming a contractile ring that facilitates the division into two daughter cells. While light microscopy has provided valuable insights into the molecular mechanism of this process, it has limitations in examining individual filaments in vivo. In this study, we utilized transmission electron microscopy to observe actin and myosin II filaments in the contractile rings of dividing Dictyostelium cells. To synchronize cytokinesis, we developed a novel method that allowed us to visualize dividing cells undergoing cytokinesis with a frequency as high as 18%. This improvement enabled us to examine the lengths and alignments of individual filaments within the contractile rings. As the furrow constricted, the length of actin filaments gradually decreased. Moreover, both actin and myosin II filaments reoriented perpendicularly to the long axis during furrow constriction. Through experiments involving myosin II null cells, we discovered that myosin II plays a role in regulating both the lengths and alignments of actin filaments. Additionally, dynamin‐like protein A was found to contribute to regulating the length of actin filaments, while cortexillins were involved in regulating their alignment.

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Dynamics of Myosin II Filaments during Wound Repair in Dividing Cells

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Effects of wounds in the cell membrane on cell division

Effects of wounds in the cell membrane on cell division

Wrangling Actin Assemblies: Actin Ring Dynamics during Cell Wound Repair

Dynamics of actomyosin filaments in the contractile ring revealed by ultrastructural analysis

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