Dynamics of humoral and cellular immune responses after homologous and heterologous SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2

Vogel, Emanuel; Kocher, Katharina; Priller, Alina; Cheng, Cho-Chin; Steininger, Philipp; Liao, Bo-Hung; Körber, Nina; Willmann, Annika; Irrgang, Pascal; Held, Jürgen; Moosmann, Carolin; Schmidt, Viviane; Beileke, Stephanie; Wytopil, Monika; Heringer, Sarah; Brockhoff, Ronja; Jeske, Samuel; Mijočević, Hrvoje; Christa, Catharina; Salmanton‐García, Jon; Tinnefeld, Kathrin; Bogdan, Christian; Yazici, Sarah; Knolle, Percy; Cornely, Oliver A.; Überla, Klaus; Protzer, Ulrike; Schober, Kilian; Tenbusch, Matthias

doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104294

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Whereas a third COVID-19 vaccination resulted in a significant increase in SARS-CoV-2-specific NAb titers in both cohorts, the magnitudes of SARS-CoV-2-specific NAb titers were comparable between hoVac and heVac KTRs at both time points. This is in contrast to other studies, which reported lower SARS-CoV-2s p e c i fi c N A b t i t e r s i n h o m o l o g o u s l y v a c c i n a t e d immunocompetent individuals (40,41,68,69).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Comparable cellular and humoral immunity upon homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens in kidney transplant recipients

et al. 2023

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BackgroundKidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at high risk for a severe course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); thus, effective vaccination is critical. However, the achievement of protective immunogenicity is hampered by immunosuppressive therapies. We assessed cellular and humoral immunity and breakthrough infection rates in KTRs vaccinated with homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens.MethodWe performed a comparative in-depth analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)–specific T-cell responses using multiplex Fluorospot assays and SARS-CoV-2-specific neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) between three-times homologously (n = 18) and heterologously (n = 8) vaccinated KTRs.ResultsWe detected SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells in 100% of KTRs upon third vaccination, with comparable frequencies, T-cell expression profiles, and relative interferon γ and interleukin 2 production per single cell between homologously and heterologously vaccinated KTRs. SARS-CoV-2-specific NAb positivity rates were significantly higher in heterologously (87.5%) compared to homologously vaccinated (50.0%) KTRs (P < 0.0001), whereas the magnitudes of NAb titers were comparable between both subcohorts after third vaccination. SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections occurred in equal numbers in homologously (38.9%) and heterologously (37.5%) vaccinated KTRs with mild-to-moderate courses of COVID-19.ConclusionOur data support a more comprehensive assessment of not only humoral but also cellular SARS-CoV-2-specific immunity in KTRs to provide an in-depth understanding about the COVID-19 vaccine–induced immune response in a transplant setting.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Comparable cellular and humoral immunity upon homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens in kidney transplant recipients

et al. 2023

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“…First reports have shown that the generation of IFNγ occurs rapidly after the rst vaccination with BNT162b2 with a peak response around 1 month (40,41), which was consistent with the percent increase in spike-speci c CD8 + and CD4 + T cells (23). A robust but decreasing cellular response was then observed (17,23,(40)(41)(42). After 6 months, 90% (CD4+) and 87% (CD8+) of memory T cell responses were preserved against Alpha to Omicron variants, and 84% and 85% against Omicron (24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Humoral and cellular response three months following bivalent booster administration

Favresse

Gillot

Bayart

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Studies about the evaluation of the humoral and cellular response following the bivalent booster administration are still scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the humoral and cellular response in a cohort of healthcare workers that received either the BA.1 or the BA.4/5 bivalent booster. Blood samples from participants were collected before the administration of either the BA.1 or BA.4/5 bivalent booster from Pfizer-BioNTech and after 14, 28, and 90 days. The humoral response was evaluated using neutralizing antibodies against the BA.5 Omicron variant and binding total and IgG antibodies. The cellular response was assessed by measurement of the release of interferon gamma (IFNγ) from T cells in response to an in vitro SARS-CoV-2 stimulation. Although most participants still had a robust cellular response before the booster, a significant increase in the cellular response was observed after 2 weeks, especially in participants presenting lower levels of IFNγ before the booster administration. Levels of IFNγ remained stable at 3 months and contrast sharply with the rapid decrease of BA.5-specific neutralizing antibodies. Binding antibodies were only modestly correlated to the neutralizing capacity. The evolution of the humoral and cellular response was non-significantly different between participants that received the BA.1 or the BA.4/5 bivalent booster. The monitoring of the humoral and cellular response could be useful to identify patients with a poor adapted immunity that would need to benefit first from an additional booster shot.

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“…3 Studies also report that longer duration of effective antibody titre occurs in response to heterologous vaccine use. 7 The literature is divided in two groups regarding reactogenicity due to mixing and matching of COVID-19 vaccines. One that declared that there was no significant difference in frequency and severity vaccine reactions in their study in comparison to homologous vaccine intervention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heterologous Covid-19 vaccines intervention effect on reactogenicity

Najeeb,

Waheed,

Khadim

2023

J Pak Med Assoc

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To determine the change in the occurrence of short-term vaccine reactions on the use of heterologous Covid-19 booster, a single centre short-term study of two months duration was conducted. It was designed as an interventional study with registered clinical trial number # SLCTR/2022/008. It was conducted on medical students and faculty of a National university of medical sciences, Rawalpindi affiliated public sector medical college. A total of 348 individuals were administered with Ad5-nCoV vaccine and 101 with mRNA-1273 vaccine. They all had been previously vaccinated with two doses of BBIBP-CorV. BBIBP-CorV reactogenicity was considered a control group. Vaccine reactions, including pain and redness at the injection site, fever, no observed reactions at all, myalgia, feeling cold, dizziness, paraesthesia in the arm, light-headedness, had a significant change in their frequencies in comparison to homologous vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) reactogenicity. ---Continue

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Dynamics of humoral and cellular immune responses after homologous and heterologous SARS-CoV-2 vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 and BNT162b2

Cited by 16 publications

References 62 publications

Comparable cellular and humoral immunity upon homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens in kidney transplant recipients

Comparable cellular and humoral immunity upon homologous and heterologous COVID-19 vaccination regimens in kidney transplant recipients

Humoral and cellular response three months following bivalent booster administration

Heterologous Covid-19 vaccines intervention effect on reactogenicity

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