Dynamics of high-latitude patches and associated small-scale irregularities during the October and November 2003 storms

Franceschi, Giorgiana De; Alfonsi, Lucilla; Romano, Vincenzo; Aquino, Márcio; Dodson, Alan; Mitchell, Cathryn N.; Spencer, P.S.; Wernik, A. W.

doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2007.05.018

Cited by 71 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…On the leading edge, the plasma density gradient sets up polarization fields that stabilize the plasma structure (Keskinen & Ossakow 1983), as observed by Moen et al (2012). However, although the GDI occurs initially on the trailing edge, the nonlinear development could penetrate through the entire patch (Gondarenko & Guzdar 2004). The plasma can also be structured throughout a patch upon its formation, formed either by a magnetic reconnection event which of itself introduces sheer driven instabilities (Carlson et al 2008), or by soft-electron precipitation (Kelley et al 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It is well known that both polar cap patches and auroral particle precipitations can develop small scale ionospheric irregularities (Tsunoda 1988;Basu et al 1990); these irregularities can scatter radio signals and give rise to scintillations. In recent years, more GPS scintillation monitors have been deployed at high latitudes, and several statistical and case studies of high latitude GPS scintillations have been conducted (De Franceschi et al 2008;Spogli et al 2009;Li et al 2010;Alfonsi et al 2011;Prikryl et al 2010Prikryl et al , 2011Prikryl et al , 2013Moen et al 2013;Jiao et al 2013). Mitchell et al (2005) found phase and amplitude scintillations to be colocated with strong gradients in the Total Electron Content (TEC) at the edges of the high electron density streams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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GPS scintillation effects associated with polar cap patches and substorm auroral activity: direct comparison

Jin

Moen

Miloch

2014

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

102

136

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We directly compare the relative GPS scintillation levels associated with regions of enhanced plasma irregularities called auroral arcs, polar cap patches, and auroral blobs that frequently occur in the polar ionosphere. On January 13, 2013 from Ny-Å lesund, several polar cap patches were observed to exit the polar cap into the auroral oval, and were then termed auroral blobs. This gave us an unprecedented opportunity to compare the relative scintillation levels associated with these three phenomena. The blobs were associated with the strongest phase scintillation (r / ), followed by patches and arcs, with r / up to 0.6, 0.5, and 0.1 rad, respectively. Our observations indicate that most patches in the nightside polar cap have produced significant scintillations, but not all of them. Since the blobs are formed after patches merged into auroral regions, in space weather predictions of GPS scintillations, it will be important to enable predictions of patches exiting the polar cap.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GPS scintillation effects associated with polar cap patches and substorm auroral activity: direct comparison

Jin

Moen

Miloch

2014

J. Space Weather Space Clim.

102

136

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“…Charged particles from the solar wind and magnetosphere, mostly electrons and protons, precipitate in the upper atmosphere and dissipate their energy by generating the auroral emission. The nightside auroral events have been studied by many researchers since the last several decades and it has been found that in the auroral region, strong ionospheric scintillations are observed (Coker et al, 2004;Mitchell et al, 2005;De Franceschi et al, 2008;Hosokawa et al, 2014;Jin et al, 2014;van der Meeren et al, 2014van der Meeren et al, , 2015; and the references therein). Cusp region ionospheric irregularity dynamics which gives rise to pre-noon hour scintillation and cycle slips have been found to be associated with the polar cap patches during the solar minimum (Prikryl et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Behaviors of Ionospheric Scintillations Around Different Types of Nightside Auroral Boundaries Seen at the Chinese Yellow River Station, Svalbard

Priyadarshi

Zhang

et al. 2018

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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Dynamical nightside auroral structures are often observed by the all sky imagers (ASI) at the Chinese Yellow River Station (CYRS) at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, located in the polar cap near poleward edge of the nightside auroral oval. The boundaries of the nightside auroral oval are stable during quiet geomagnetic conditions, while they often expand poleward and pass through the overhead area of CYRS during the substorm expansion phase. The motions of these boundaries often give rise to strong disturbances of satellite navigations and communications. Two cases of these auroral boundary motions have been introduced to investigate their associated ionospheric scintillations: one is Fixed Boundary Auroral Emissions (FBAE) with stable and fixed auroral boundaries, and another is Bouncing Boundary Auroral Emissions (BBAE) with dynamical and largely expanding auroral boundaries. Our observations show that the auroral boundaries, identified from the sharp gradient of the auroral emission intensity from the ASI images, were clearly associated with ionospheric scintillations observed by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) scintillation receiver at the CYRS. However, amplitude scintillation (S 4 ) and phase scintillation (σ φ ) respond in an entirely different way in these two cases due to the different generation mechanism as well as different IMF (Interplanetary Magnetic Field) condition. S 4 and σ φ have similar levels around the FBAE, while σ φ was much stronger than S 4 around BBAE. The BBAE were associated with stronger particle precipitation during the substorm expansion phase. IU/IL, appeared to be a good indicator of the poleward moving auroral structures during the BBAE as well as FBAE.

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“…At high and middle latitudes, GPS phase scintillation observations have shown that ionospheric irregularities are primarily enhanced in the cusp in association with storm-enhanced plasma density (SED). A tongue of ionization (TOI) can be formed and broken into patches that are transported into the polar cap (e.g., Aarons et al, 2000;De Franceschi et al, 2008;Spogli et al, 2009Spogli et al, , 2013aPrikryl et al, 2011Prikryl et al, , 2015aPrikryl et al, , b, 2016Thomas et al, 2013;Horvarth and Lovell, 2015). In the auroral oval, GPS scintillation has been observed during energetic particle precipitation events (Skone et al, 2008;Kinrade et al, 2013;Prikryl et al, 2013aPrikryl et al, , b, 2016.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the work done on specific geomagnetic storms refers to effects in the ionosphere at different sectors in the Northern Hemisphere (e.g., Yizengaw et al, 2005;De Franceschi et al, 2008;Spogli et al, 2009;Prikryl et al, 2011Prikryl et al, , 2015aPrikryl et al, , b, 2016Danilov, 2013;Thomas et al, 2013;Hovart and Lovell, 2015;and references therein) where there is a dense network of instrumentation for ionospheric studies. In contrast, in the Southern Hemisphere where the network of instrumentation is sparse, there is less work and most ionospheric studies have been done in the Australian and African sectors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Ionospheric F-region response to the 26 September 2011 geomagnetic storm in the Antarctica American and Australian sectors

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The ionospheric response at middle and high latitudes in the Antarctica American and Australian sectors to the 26-27 September 2011 moderately intense geomagnetic storm was investigated using instruments including an ionosonde, riometer, and GNSS receivers. The multiinstrument observations permitted us to characterize the ionospheric storm-enhanced density (SED) and tongues of ionization (TOIs) as a function of storm time and location, considering the effect of prompt penetration electric fields (PPEFs). During the main phase of the geomagnetic storm, dayside SEDs were observed at middle latitudes, and in the nightside only density depletions were observed from middle to high latitudes. Both the increase and decrease in ionospheric density at middle latitudes can be attributed to a combination of processes, including the PPEF effect just after the storm onset, dominated by disturbance dynamo processes during the evolution of the main phase. Two SEDs-TOIs were identified in the Southern Hemisphere, but only the first episode had a counterpart in the Northern Hemisphere. This difference can be explained by the interhemispheric asymmetry caused by the high-latitude coupling between solar wind and the magnetosphere, which drives the dawn-to-dusk component of the interplanetary magnetic field. The formation of polar TOI is a function of the SED plume location that might be near the dayside cusp from which it can enter the polar cap, which was the case in the Southern Hemisphere. Strong GNSS scintillations were observed at stations collocated with SED plumes at middle latitudes and cusp on the dayside and at polar cap TOIs on the nightside.

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Dynamics of high-latitude patches and associated small-scale irregularities during the October and November 2003 storms

Cited by 71 publications

References 28 publications

GPS scintillation effects associated with polar cap patches and substorm auroral activity: direct comparison

GPS scintillation effects associated with polar cap patches and substorm auroral activity: direct comparison

The Behaviors of Ionospheric Scintillations Around Different Types of Nightside Auroral Boundaries Seen at the Chinese Yellow River Station, Svalbard

Ionospheric F-region response to the 26 September 2011 geomagnetic storm in the Antarctica American and Australian sectors

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