Dynamics of gaseous nitrogen and carbon fluxes in riparian alder forests

Soosaar, Kaido; Mander, Ülo; Maddison, Martin; Kanal, Arno; Kull, Ain; Lõhmus, Krista; Truu, Jaak; Augustin, Jürgen

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.07.025

Cited by 59 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…However, N 2 O fluxes measured temporarily confirm our assumption that in periods of low water level net nitrification also occurs at the undrained site, albeit at a low level. Thus, we conclude that for most of the year denitrification activity is NO For N 2 fluxes no comparable values from the field are available in the literature, but N 2 fluxes observed in the incubation experiment are in the range of other studies from drained and undrained fen ecosystems (e.g., Teiter and Mander, 2005;Wray and Bayley, 2007;Mander et al, 2008;Roobroeck et al, 2010;Soosaar et al, 2011).…”

Section: Factors Controlling Temporal and Site-specific Variation In mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…This requires the presence of efficient electron acceptors (e.g., NO − 3 ) to prevent the reduction of N 2 O to N 2 (Bremner and Blackmer, 1981;Speir et al, 1995;Jungkunst et al, 2004). Due mainly to analytical difficulties in the determination of microbially produced N 2 , to date the denitrification potential from waterlogged peat soils has rarely been estimated (Watts and Seitzinger, 2000;Mander et al, 2003;Teiter and Mander, 2005;Wray and Bayley, 2007;Roobroeck et al, 2010;Soosaar et al, 2011;Uri et al, 2011). The substitution of ambient N 2 by Helium (He) in laboratory studies possibly represents the most reliable method for the direct and simultaneous determination of N 2 O and N 2 exchange rates (Butterbach-Bahl et al, 2002;Roobroeck et al, 2010;Butterbach-Bahl et al, 2013).…”

Section: T Eickenscheidt Et Al: Nitrogen Mineralization and Gaseousmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen mineralization and gaseous nitrogen losses from waterlogged and drained organic soils in a black alder (<i>Alnus glutinosa</i> (L.) Gaertn.) forest

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) forests on peat soils have been reported to be hotspots for high nitrous oxide (N 2 O) losses. High emissions may be attributed to alternating water tables of peatlands and to the incorporation of high amounts of easily decomposable nitrogen (N) into the ecosystem by symbiotic dinitrogen (N 2 )-fixation of alder trees. Our study addressed the question to what extent drainage enhances the emissions of N 2 O from black alder forests and how N turnover processes and physical factors influence the production of N 2 O and total denitrification. The study was conducted in a drained black alder forest with variable groundwater tables at a southern German fen peatland. Fluxes of N 2 O were measured using the closed chamber method at two drained sites (D-1 and D-2) and one undrained site (U). Inorganic N contents and net N mineralization rates (NNM) were determined. Additionally a laboratory incubation experiment was carried out to investigate greenhouse gas and N 2 fluxes at different temperature and soil moisture conditions. Significantly different inorganic N contents and NNM rates were observed, which however did not result in significantly different N 2 O fluxes in the field but did in the laboratory experiment. N 2 O fluxes measured were low for all sites, with total annual emissions of 0.51 ± 0.07 (U), 0.97 ± 0.13 (D-1) and 0.93 ± 0.08 kg N 2 O-N ha −1 yr −1 (D-2). Only 37 % of the spatiotemporal variation in field N 2 O fluxes could be explained by peat temperature and groundwater level, demonstrating the complex interlinking of the controlling factors for N 2 O emissions. However, temperature was one of the key variables of N 2 O fluxes in the incubation experiment conducted. Increasing soil moisture content was found to enhance total denitrification losses during the incubation experiment, whereas N 2 O fluxes remained constant. At the undrained site, permanently high groundwater level was found to prevent net nitrification, resulting in a limitation of available nitrate (NO − 3 ) and negligible gaseous N losses. N 2 O flux rates that were up to four times higher were measured in the incubation experiment. They reveal the potential of high N 2 O losses under changing soil physical conditions at the drained alder sites. The high net nitrification rates observed and high NO − 3 contents bear the risk of considerable NO − 3 leaching at the drained sites.

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Section: Factors Controlling Temporal and Site-specific Variation In mentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: T Eickenscheidt Et Al: Nitrogen Mineralization and Gaseousmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen mineralization and gaseous nitrogen losses from waterlogged and drained organic soils in a black alder (<i>Alnus glutinosa</i> (L.) Gaertn.) forest

et al. 2014

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“…Bouwman et al (2013) estimated that riparian zones alone contributed 0.9 Tg N 2 O-N yr -1 in 2000, a disproportionately high N 2 O flux relative to their surface area. Measured N 2 O fluxes span a wide range in riparian ecosystems including agricultural fields (Hefting et al 2006;Scheer et al 2008;Li et al 2013), riparian zones with high nitrate (Soosaar et al 2011), wetlands (Hernandez and Mitsch 2006), tropical zones (Couwenberg et al 2012;Kachenchart et al 2012) and grasslands (Yan-Fen et al 2003;Verchot et al 2006;Carter 2007).…”

Section: Anthropogenic Activity Has Drastically Altered the Global Nimentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrous oxide fluxes and dissolved N gases (N2 and N2O) within riparian zones along the agriculturally impacted San Joaquin River

Hinshaw

Dahlgren

2016

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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TitleNitrous oxide fluxes and dissolved N gases (N2 and N2O) within riparian zones along the agriculturally impacted San Joaquin River ? and NO 3 -, while benthic N 2 O fluxes were regulated by variations in dissolved oxygen and river flow. Higher fluxes in the riparian soils in 2011 were attributed to several months of flooding that significantly impacted groundwater tables and nutrient availability. Dissolved N 2 O from groundwater within the riparian zones was not found to be a significant factor contributing to atmospheric fluxes. These results suggest that riparian zones within the agriculturally impacted San Joaquin River were a significant source of N 2 O when elevated NO 3 -was present. Different controlling factors for fluxes within benthic sediments suggested that riparian vegetation did not play a role in NO 3 -concentrations or fluxes within the surface water.

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“…Likewise, floods in uplands soils will enhance N 2 O emissions. Soosaar et al [30] showed that the long-term fertilization load from adjacent uplands will significantly increase N 2 O fluxes from riparian forests. However, there is already evidence that drainage [31] and possibly also more frequent droughts will significantly increase N 2 O emissions from wetlands (Fig.…”

Section: Possible Changes In Ghg Emissions From Natural Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The greatest natural methane sources are wetlands emitting 170.3 Tg CH 4 -C yr −1 , whereas tropical swamps emit about 75% and northern bogs 25% of the total amount. This is followed by terrestrial geological sources, lakes, terrestrial arthropods (insects, arachnids, crustaceans, and others), marine geological sources, wild animals, and oceans (35,30,20,17,8,7.5 and 5 Tg CH 4 -C yr −1 , respectively; Table 1). The thawing of gas hydrates as a methane source as well as aerobic CH 4 production by forests have not been sufficiently studied.…”

Section: Methanementioning

confidence: 99%

Risk analysis of global warming-induced greenhouse GAS emissions from natural sources

Mander¹,

Sohar²,

Tournebize³

et al. 2016

Int. J. SAFE

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The increase in the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG) CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O is the most important factor causing global warming. Natural sources make up about 96%, 46%, and 64% of total emissions of the three gases, respectively. Relatively small man-made CO 2 fluxes, together with CH 4 and N 2 O (with a radiative force 34 and 298 times higher than that of CO 2 , respectively) upset the natural balance of the carbon (C) cycle and create an artificial forcing of global temperatures which is warming the planet. However, even after stopping all anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, the warming-induced GHG from natural sources will cause an on-going temperature increase and many resulting environmental problems. Based on literature, we analyse the potential change in GHG emissions from the main natural sources, which are influenced by the effects of global warming. Since there are various uncertainties in the estimations of terrestrial-atmosphere and ocean-atmosphere CO 2 exchange, this most important factor remains un-predicted and needs significantly more investigation of the ability of oceans and terrestrial ecosystems to absorb CO 2 . Both CH 4 and N 2 O emissions may continue to increase. The thawing of CH 4 hydrates in the ocean shelf and in permafrost regions is the largest long-term threat for global warming, but even now rising temperature will enhance emissions from wetlands, lakes, vegetation and even upland soils, due to an increasing threat of wildfires. Changes in hydrological regime are the main driving force for N 2 O emissions.

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Dynamics of gaseous nitrogen and carbon fluxes in riparian alder forests

Cited by 59 publications

References 65 publications

Nitrogen mineralization and gaseous nitrogen losses from waterlogged and drained organic soils in a black alder (<i>Alnus glutinosa</i> (L.) Gaertn.) forest

Nitrogen mineralization and gaseous nitrogen losses from waterlogged and drained organic soils in a black alder (<i>Alnus glutinosa</i> (L.) Gaertn.) forest

Nitrous oxide fluxes and dissolved N gases (N2 and N2O) within riparian zones along the agriculturally impacted San Joaquin River

Risk analysis of global warming-induced greenhouse GAS emissions from natural sources

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Dynamics of gaseous nitrogen and carbon fluxes in riparian alder forests

Cited by 59 publications

References 65 publications

Nitrogen mineralization and gaseous nitrogen losses from waterlogged and drained organic soils in a black alder (&lt;i&gt;Alnus glutinosa&lt;/i&gt; (L.) Gaertn.) forest

Nitrogen mineralization and gaseous nitrogen losses from waterlogged and drained organic soils in a black alder (&lt;i&gt;Alnus glutinosa&lt;/i&gt; (L.) Gaertn.) forest

Nitrous oxide fluxes and dissolved N gases (N2 and N2O) within riparian zones along the agriculturally impacted San Joaquin River

Risk analysis of global warming-induced greenhouse GAS emissions from natural sources

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Nitrogen mineralization and gaseous nitrogen losses from waterlogged and drained organic soils in a black alder (<i>Alnus glutinosa</i> (L.) Gaertn.) forest

Nitrogen mineralization and gaseous nitrogen losses from waterlogged and drained organic soils in a black alder (<i>Alnus glutinosa</i> (L.) Gaertn.) forest