Dynamics of fatty acid metabolism in a cell line from southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii)

Scholefield, Andrew M.; Tocher, Douglas R.; Schuller, Kathryn A.

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.02.017

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…There has been considerable research interest in the key enzymes of the LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathway, fatty acyl desaturases (Fads) and elongases of very long chain fatty acids (Elovl) in fish species including tuna (Gregory et al, 2010;Morais et al, 2011;Betancor et al, 2016). Furthermore, the capacity for endogenous synthesis of EPA and DHA is limited in ABT and so the lipid biochemistry underpinning the high tissue DHA and DHA/EPA ratio is unclear (Gregory et al, 2010;Morais et al, 2011;Scholefield et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular aspects of lipid metabolism, digestibility and antioxidant status of Atlantic bluefin tuna (T. thynnus L.) larvae during first feeding

et al. 2017

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Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.; ABT) larvae were fed on enriched rotifers Brachionus rotundiformis and copepod nauplii Acartia tonsa from first feeding to 15 days post hatching. Rotifers were enriched with five different commercial products: OG, MG, AG and RA plus selenium and vitamin E. Copepods (COP) were cultured with the algae Rhodomonas baltica. Metabolic processes were studied by determining the expression of 30 genes related to lipid metabolism (transcription factors, fatty acid metabolism and lipid homeostasis), antioxidant enzymes, myogenesis and digestive enzymes. Growth and development parameters and high expression of myogenesis genes myhc2 and tropo indicated that COP were better than enriched rotifers as live prey for first feeding ABT. COP and AG-fed larvae showed the lowest values for the transcription factors pparγ and srebp2. The expression of fas showed differences among treatments, with highest relative expression in COP-fed larvae and those fed with RA rotifers. In relation to fatty acid catabolism, larvae fed RA had the highest aco expression levels, with the lowest observed in those fed COP. The expression profiles of lipid homeostasis genes showed that larvae fed COP had higher fabp2 and 4 expressions. Larvae fed AG showed the lowest lpl expression levels, with highest values observed in larvae fed OG. Regarding antioxidant enzyme gene expression, sod showed highest values in larvae fed COP and RA, with larvae fed MG rotifers showing lowest expression levels. A similar pattern was observed for the expression of cat and gpx1 and 4. The expression of genes for digestive enzymes showed that tryp expression levels were highest in COPfed larvae but, in contrast, COP-fed larvae showed the lowest anpep and alp levels. ABT larvae fed AG displayed the lowest expression level of pla2. bal1 and bal2 presented similar expression patterns, with highest values in COP-fed ABT and lowest expression in larvae fed AG rotifers. Copepods were a superior live prey for first feeding ABT larvae compared to enriched rotifers, as indicated by the higher growth and flexion index achieved by COP-fed larvae, possibly reflecting the higher protein content of the copepods.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular aspects of lipid metabolism, digestibility and antioxidant status of Atlantic bluefin tuna (T. thynnus L.) larvae during first feeding

et al. 2017

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“…This may also suggest that tuna species may have a dietary requirement for high DHA and a high DHA/EPA ratio. However, there is selective utilization of monoenoic and saturated FAs relative to PUFA as energy sources in tuna, and so the high DHA/EPA ratio could also indicate a selective catabolism of EPA relative to DHA (Mourente and Tocher 2003 , 2009 ; Scholefield et al 2015 ). Furthermore, the capacity for endogenous synthesis of EPA and DHA is limited in ABT, and so the lipid biochemistry underpinning the high tissue DHA and DHA/EPA ratio is unclear (Gregory et al 2010 ; Morais et al 2011 ; Scholefield et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipid metabolism-related gene expression pattern of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.) larvae fed on live prey

Betancor

Ortega

Gándara

et al. 2016

Fish Physiol Biochem

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The present study is the first to evaluate lipid metabolism in first-feeding Atlantic bluefin tuna (ABT; Thunnus thynnus L.) larvae fed different live prey including enriched rotifers Brachionus plicatilis and Acartia sp. copepod nauplii from 2 days after hatch. Understanding the molecular basis of lipid metabolism and regulation in ABT will provide insights to optimize diet formulations for this high-value species new to aquaculture. To this end, we investigated the effect of dietary lipid on whole larvae lipid class and fatty acid compositions and the expression of key genes involved in lipid metabolism in first feeding ABT larvae fed different live prey. Additionally, the expression of lipid metabolism genes in tissues of adult broodstock ABT was evaluated. Growth and survival data indicated that copepods were the best live prey for first feeding ABT and that differences in growth performance and lipid metabolism observed between larvae from different year classes could be a consequence of broodstock nutrition. In addition, expression patterns of lipid metabolic genes observed in ABT larvae in the trials could reflect differences in lipid class and fatty acid compositions of the live prey. The lipid nutritional requirements, including essential fatty acid requirements of larval ABT during the early feeding stages, are unknown, and the present study represents a first step in addressing these highly relevant issues. However, further studies are required to determine nutritional requirements and understand lipid metabolism during development of ABT larvae and to apply the knowledge to the commercial culture of this iconic species.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10695-016-0305-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…Marine fish evolved in LC-PUFA-rich food webs where there was insufficient selection pressure to develop and/or maintain the enzymatic capacity to biosynthesize LC-PUFA de novo in most species. Indeed, it was demonstrated that the biosynthetic capacity of LC-PUFA from C 18 PUFA is very restricted in bluefin tuna species [31][32][33] although the production of DHA from EPA and/or 22:5n-3 is likely possible [22]. The liver and intestine are generally two of the most active tissues in terms of lipid metabolism and both have been shown to be important sites for LC-PUFA biosynthesis in fish [16,22,67,68,71].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, it has been reported recently that the capability of fish species for de novo synthesis of LC-PUFA is inversely correlated to the trophic level and those carnivorous marine fish species occupying higher levels are unable or exhibit only limited capacity to synthesize LC-PUFA from C 18 PUFA precursors [22,30]. Thus, top predators such as bluefin tuna species are known to have a poor capacity for the endogenous biosynthesis of EPA and DHA [22,[31][32][33]. Furthermore, limited knowledge exists regarding the metabolic response of these species when fed reduced levels of marine ingredients are largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oils Derived from GM Crops as Sustainable Solutions to the Supply of Long-Chain Omega-3 for On-Growing Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.)

Betancor

Sprague

González-Silvera

et al. 2022

Fishes

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Recently Camelina sativa, has been genetically modified to produce oils rich in omega-3 (n-3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA), EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and EPA + DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). The aim of this study was to test the feasibility of using these novel sources of de novo EPA and EPA + DHA as substitutes for marine oil in feeds for juvenile Atlantic Bluefin tuna (ABT). The results showed the oils were practical sources of n-3 LC-PUFA which could potentially replace fish oil (FO) in feeds for ABT juveniles. Fish fed the test diets (ECO, EPA alone and DCO, EPA + DHA) displayed good growth performance, survival and feed utilisation approaching that of ABT fed the reference diet (MGK) containing marine fish oil with the rank order being MGK > DCO > ECO. The test diets showed positive effects, upregulating the expression of genes of major nuclear receptors and those of lipid metabolism including digestion, LC-PUFA synthesis and antioxidant pathways. The results indicated that the DCO feed containing both DHA and EPA performed better than the ECO feed with much lower DHA. However, feeds formulated with both these oils may still require supplementary DHA to satisfy the high requirement of ABT for this essential nutrient.

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Dynamics of fatty acid metabolism in a cell line from southern bluefin tuna (Thunnus maccoyii)

Cited by 6 publications

References 57 publications

Molecular aspects of lipid metabolism, digestibility and antioxidant status of Atlantic bluefin tuna (T. thynnus L.) larvae during first feeding

Molecular aspects of lipid metabolism, digestibility and antioxidant status of Atlantic bluefin tuna (T. thynnus L.) larvae during first feeding

Lipid metabolism-related gene expression pattern of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.) larvae fed on live prey

Oils Derived from GM Crops as Sustainable Solutions to the Supply of Long-Chain Omega-3 for On-Growing Atlantic Bluefin Tuna (Thunnus thynnus L.)

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