Dynamics of Eukaryotic mRNA Structure during Translation

Biziaev, Nikita; Егорова, Т. В.; Alkalaeva, Elena

doi:10.1134/s0026893322030037

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…[83] It is important that, stimulating activity of PABP in translation termination depends on its interaction with the ribosome when poly(A) tail is close to the stop codon due to the formation of a loop of 3′UTR (Figure 1A). [84] Interestingly, ciliates have uncommonly short 3′UTRs (median length: 21-23 nt), [14,85] in comparison to yeast, metazoan, and plant 3′ UTRs. For example, the average length of the 3′UTRs in human is approximately 800 nucleotides.…”

Section: Relationship Between Termination and Readthrough In Ciliates...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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mRNA context and translation factors determine decoding in alternative nuclear genetic codes

Salman,

Biziaev,

Shuvalova

et al. 2024

BioEssays

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The genetic code is a set of instructions that determine how the information in our genetic material is translated into amino acids. In general, it is universal for all organisms, from viruses and bacteria to humans. However, in the last few decades, exceptions to this rule have been identified both in pro‐ and eukaryotes. In this review, we discuss the 16 described alternative eukaryotic nuclear genetic codes and observe theories of their appearance in evolution. We consider possible molecular mechanisms that allow codon reassignment. Most reassignments in nuclear genetic codes are observed for stop codons. Moreover, in several organisms, stop codons can simultaneously encode amino acids and serve as termination signals. In this case, the meaning of the codon is determined by the additional factors besides the triplets. A comprehensive review of various non‐standard coding events in the nuclear genomes provides a new insight into the translation mechanism in eukaryotes.

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Section: Relationship Between Termination and Readthrough In Ciliates...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Context‐dependent Decoding Causing Translation Ambiguitymentioning

confidence: 99%

mRNA context and translation factors determine decoding in alternative nuclear genetic codes

Salman,

Biziaev,

Shuvalova

et al. 2024

BioEssays

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“…Messenger RNAs (mRNAs) play a crucial role in the central tenets of molecular biology developed by Francis Crick. mRNA is defined as the medium through which information flows from DNA into cells [ 42 , 43 ]. As the structure and function of mRNA have been gradually revealed in the past few decades, mRNA has been considered the most attractive alternative to protein drugs, so the application value and potential of mRNA have been increasingly concerned [ 44 ].…”

Section: The Challenge Of Rna Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Broadening the Horizons of RNA Delivery Strategies in Cancer Therapy

Liu

Bai

et al. 2022

Bioengineering

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RNA-based therapy is a promising and innovative strategy for cancer treatment. However, poor stability, immunogenicity, low cellular uptake rate, and difficulty in endosomal escape are considered the major obstacles in the cancer therapy process, severely limiting the development of clinical translation and application. For efficient and safe transport of RNA into cancer cells, it usually needs to be packaged in appropriate carriers so that it can be taken up by the target cells and then be released to the specific location to perform its function. In this review, we will focus on up-to-date insights of the RNA-based delivery carrier and comprehensively describe its application in cancer therapy. We briefly discuss delivery obstacles in RNA-mediated cancer therapy and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of different carriers (cationic polymers, inorganic nanoparticles, lipids, etc.). In addition, we further summarize and discuss the current RNA therapeutic strategies approved for clinical use. A comprehensive overview of various carriers and emerging delivery strategies for RNA delivery, as well as the current status of clinical applications and practice of RNA medicines are classified and integrated to inspire fresh ideas and breakthroughs.

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“…The poly(A) tail of the mRNA binds to PABP, which in turn is involved in translation and is required to maintain mRNA stability (for comprehensive reviews, refer to ( 1 , 15–19 )). This protein has both cytoplasmic and nuclear forms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of mRNA poly(A) tail length on eukaryotic translation stages

Biziaev,

Shuvalov,

Salman

et al. 2024

Nucleic Acids Research

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The poly(A) tail plays an important role in maintaining mRNA stability and influences translation efficiency via binding with PABP. However, the impact of poly(A) tail length on mRNA translation remains incompletely understood. This study explores the effects of poly(A) tail length on human translation. We determined the translation rates in cell lysates using mRNAs with different poly(A) tails. Cap-dependent translation was stimulated by the poly(A) tail, however, it was largely independent of poly(A) tail length, with an exception observed in the case of the 75 nt poly(A) tail. Conversely, cap-independent translation displayed a positive correlation with poly(A) tail length. Examination of translation stages uncovered the dependence of initiation and termination on the presence of the poly(A) tail, but the efficiency of initiation remained unaffected by poly(A) tail extension. Further study unveiled that increased binding of eRFs to the ribosome with the poly(A) tail extension induced more efficient hydrolysis of peptidyl-tRNA. Building upon these findings, we propose a crucial role for the 75 nt poly(A) tail in orchestrating the formation of a double closed-loop mRNA structure within human cells which couples the initiation and termination phases of translation.

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Dynamics of Eukaryotic mRNA Structure during Translation

Cited by 5 publications

References 110 publications

mRNA context and translation factors determine decoding in alternative nuclear genetic codes

mRNA context and translation factors determine decoding in alternative nuclear genetic codes

Broadening the Horizons of RNA Delivery Strategies in Cancer Therapy

The impact of mRNA poly(A) tail length on eukaryotic translation stages

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