Dynamics of efflux pumps in antimicrobial resistance, persistence, and community living of Vibrionaceae

Kumar, Sanath; Lekshmi, Manjusha; Stephen, Jerusha; Ortiz-Alegria, Anely; Ayitah, Matthew; Varela, Manuel F.

doi:10.1007/s00203-023-03731-5

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Subsequent studies further demonstrated that enhanced efflux activity contributes to the formation of persister cells. 357 , 358 For example, when penicillin-exposed persisters of S. pyogenes (Group A streptococcus-GAS) were compared with susceptible strains, a significant number of efflux pump-related genes were transcriptionally upregulated, including at least a 4-fold increase in Resistance-Nodulation-cell Division (RND) family efflux pump-related operon genes and a 2.2-fold increase in gene expression of a homolog of the polysaccharide transporting ATP-binding protein MsmK. 359 In addition, loss of the AcrAB efflux pump in Aeromonas veronii (A. veronii) decreased the formation of persisters when treated with chloramphenicol, tetracycline, fluoroquinolone and β-lactam antibiotics.…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Persister Formation and Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial persisters: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic development

Niu,

Gu,

Zhang

2024

Sig Transduct Target Ther

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Persisters refer to genetically drug susceptible quiescent (non-growing or slow growing) bacteria that survive in stress environments such as antibiotic exposure, acidic and starvation conditions. These cells can regrow after stress removal and remain susceptible to the same stress. Persisters are underlying the problems of treating chronic and persistent infections and relapse infections after treatment, drug resistance development, and biofilm infections, and pose significant challenges for effective treatments. Understanding the characteristics and the exact mechanisms of persister formation, especially the key molecules that affect the formation and survival of the persisters is critical to more effective treatment of chronic and persistent infections. Currently, genes related to persister formation and survival are being discovered and confirmed, but the mechanisms by which bacteria form persisters are very complex, and there are still many unanswered questions. This article comprehensively summarizes the historical background of bacterial persisters, details their complex characteristics and their relationship with antibiotic tolerant and resistant bacteria, systematically elucidates the interplay between various bacterial biological processes and the formation of persister cells, as well as consolidates the diverse anti-persister compounds and treatments. We hope to provide theoretical background for in-depth research on mechanisms of persisters and suggest new ideas for choosing strategies for more effective treatment of persistent infections.

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Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Persister Formation and Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%