Dynamics of Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Accumulation and its Association to the Disease Manifestation

Abstract

The article presents data from laboratory experiment on the artificial infection of cucumber plants with the green mottle mosaic virus in different concentrations. The dynamics of virus accumulation in each of the experimental groups is described. There is an association for which stage of viral load that correlates with the onset of visible signs of infection and a further increase of the disease symptoms. The obtained data showed that the virus accumulation in the plant obeys the exponential equation. When constructing a graph of the accumulation of viral load, it was noted that the onset of visible manifestations of the disease falls on the linear segment of the curve, and the mosaic manifestation on the exponential segment. The dependence of daily average growth on the virus concentration has not been established. Based on the results of the experiment, we can give reasonable recommendations on the use of quantitative PCR analysis in predicting outbreaks of viral infections in greenhouse complexes based on the viral load in the plant during disease symptoms absence.

Transmission from seed to seedling and elimination of alfalfa viruses

“…In contrast, MsAPV2, which was transmitted from seeds to seedlings at a substantial amount, demonstrated an increasing trend of viral accumulation in seedlings until the end of observation ( Figure 3 ), likely as a result of continuous virus replication and accountable for the high prevalence of MsAPV2 in the field ( Li et al., 2022 ). This resembled cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), whose copy numbers on the infected cucumber plants could increase continuously by ten times within five weeks ( Ryabinina et al., 2020 ), suggesting that elimination measures must be taken in the early growth stages of alfalfa to minimize viral load on the plants and prevent MsAPV2 outbreak in the field.…”

“…By contrast, the other five viruses, MsAPV1, MsAPV2, MsDPV1, MsAV1, and CnVYV1, were recently detected in the main alfalfa cultivation region in China ( Li et al., 2022 ), but whether and how they were transmitted by seeds remained to be investigated. Moreover, virus accumulation in plants and the dynamic process vary among different viral species ( Ryabinina et al., 2020 ; Xu et al., 2023 ). Exploring the dynamics and understanding the virus replication process in the early stage of plant development may provide insights into early virus diagnosis and viral disease management.…”