Dynamics of critical fluctuations: Theory – phenomenology – heavy-ion collisions

Bluhm, Marcus; Kalweit, A.; Nahrgang, Marlene; Arslandok, M.; Braun‐Munzinger, P.; Floerchinger, Stefan; Fraga, Eduardo S.; Gaździcki, M.; Hartnack, C.; Herold, C.; Holzmann, R.; Karpenko, Iurii; Kitazawa, Masakiyo; Koch, Volker; Leupold, Stefan; Mazeliauskas, Aleksas; Mohanty, B.; Ohlson, A.; Oliinychenko, Dmytro; Pawlowski, Jan M.; Plumberg, Christopher; Ridgway, Gregory W.; Schäfer, Thomas; Selyuzhenkov, I.; Stachel, J.; Stephanov, Mikhail; Teaney, Derek; Touroux, Nathan; Vovchenko, Volodymyr; Wink, Nicolas

doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2020.122016

Cited by 91 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…There is also a phenomenological interest in fluctuating hydrodynamics, largely driven by studies of quark gluon plasma (QGP), for which relativistic hydrodynamics is instrumental. Phenomenological implications of fluctuating hydrodynamics for realistic systems such as QGP have been discussed in, e.g., [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Particularly, in a model independent way, thermal fluctuations can be integrated out, resulting in emergence of "effective" TCs and shifts in positions of the hydrodynamic poles.…”

Section: Jhep05(2021)187mentioning

confidence: 99%

All order effective action for charge diffusion from Schwinger-Keldysh holography

Demircik

Lublinsky

2021

J. High Energ. Phys.

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An effective action for diffusion of a conserved U(1) charge is derived to all orders in the derivative expansion within a holographic model dual to the Schwinger-Keldysh closed time path. A systematic approach to solution of the 5D Maxwell equations in a doubled Schwarzschild-AdS5 black brane geometry is developed. Constitutive relation for the stochastic charge current is shown to have a term induced by thermal fluctuations (coloured noise). All transport coefficient functions parameterising the effective action and constitutive relations are computed analytically in the hydrodynamic expansion, and then numerically for finite momenta.

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Section: Jhep05(2021)187mentioning

confidence: 99%

All order effective action for charge diffusion from Schwinger-Keldysh holography

Demircik

Lublinsky

2021

J. High Energ. Phys.

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“…Extending the simulations to include conserved charges such as the chemical baryonic potential µ would be interesting to enhance the analysis to the full T µ phase diagram [28,32,35] and make contact with the experimental programs: a major goal for heavy-ion collisions is to determine the existence of a first-order phase transition between hadronic and quark-gluon plasma in the QCD phase diagram [64,65], which is predicted by numerous effective field theory models [66]. As the first order transition presumably has a big temperature range it is worthwhile to explore if the heavy-ion experiments see a signature [67] of it. Very recently a sophisticated hadronic mean-field simulation using the Vlasov equation has also shown that hadronic systems initialized in unstable regions of the phase diagram undergo spontaneous spinodal decomposition [68].…”

Section: Jhep08(2021)155mentioning

confidence: 99%

Holographic approach of the spinodal instability to criticality

Attems

2021

J. High Energ. Phys.

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A smoking gun signature for a first-order phase transition with negative speed of sound squared $$ {c}_s^2 $$ c s 2 is the occurrence of a spinodal instability. In the gauge/gravity duality it corresponds to a Gregory-Laflamme type instability, which can be numerically simulated as the evolution of unstable planar black branes. Making use of holography its dynamics is studied far from and near a critical point with the following results. Near a critical point the interface between cold and hot stable phases, given by its width and surface tension, is found to feature a wider phase separation and a smaller surface tension. Far away from a critical point the formation time of the spinodal instability is reduced. Across softer and harder phase transitions, it is demonstrated that mergers of equilibrated peaks and unstable plateaux lead to the preferred final single phase separated solution. Finally, a new atypical setup with dissipation of a peak into a plateau is discovered. In order to distinguish the inhomogeneous states I propose a new criterium based on the maximum of the transverse pressure at the interface which encodes phase-mixed peaks versus fully phase separated plateaux.

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“…Relevant studies have provided us with a plethora of properties of QCD at finite temperature and density, such as equation of state, thermodynamics, fluctuations, phase structure and so forth. Exploration of other properties of the same importance, for instance, nonequilibrium time evolution of quantum fields far away from the thermal equilibrium [11], dynamics of critical fluctuations [12], spectral functions and transport coefficients [13], dynamic critical exponents [14], etc., is, however, beyond the capability of the Euclidean field theories, and direct computations of field theories in the Minkowski spacetime are indispensable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-time dynamics of the $O(4)$ scalar theory within the fRG approach

Tan¹,

Chen²,

2022

SciPost Phys.

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In this paper, the real-time dynamics of the O(4)O(4) scalar theory is studied within the functional renormalization group formulated on the Schwinger-Keldysh closed time path. The flow equations for the effective action and its nn-point correlation functions are derived in terms of the "classical'' and "quantum’’ fields, and a concise diagrammatic representation is presented. An analytic expression for the flow of the four-point vertex is obtained. Spectral functions with different values of temperature and momentum are obtained. Moreover, we calculate the dynamical critical exponent for the phase transition near the critical temperature in the O(4)O(4) scalar theory in 3+13+1 dimensions, and the value is found to be z\simeq 2.023z≃2.023.

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Dynamics of critical fluctuations: Theory – phenomenology – heavy-ion collisions

Cited by 91 publications

References 179 publications

All order effective action for charge diffusion from Schwinger-Keldysh holography

All order effective action for charge diffusion from Schwinger-Keldysh holography

Holographic approach of the spinodal instability to criticality

Real-time dynamics of the $O(4)$ scalar theory within the fRG approach

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