“…In [15], a novel method of perceptual grouping model is proposed based on CKOs, which can dramatically improve the convergence speed, anti-noise ability and computing performance. So far, CKOs have been applied in various fields broadly, such as engineering, chemistry, biology and mathematics [17][18][19][20][21][22]. However, CKOs in the real world are always affected by environmental noise inevitably, which may change the dynamical properties of CKOs in general, and stochastic models are more consistent with the actual world relatively [2,[23][24][25].…”