Dynamics of Cellular Components in Meiotic and Premeiotic Divisions in Drosophila Males

Inoué, Yoshihiro; Miyauchi, Chie; Ogata, Tubasa; Kitazawa, Daishi

doi:10.5772/30363

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, we observed the association of transition proteins and protamines with the disorganized spermatid nuclei in Paf1L mutants, indicating that DNA compaction itself remained unaffected (Figure S5) . To understand whether the defects resulting in faulty spermatid individualization arise before or after completion of meiosis in spermatocytes, we next characterized early spermatids at the ‘nebenkern/onion’ stage, where aberrant nuclear morphology is a known hallmark of meiotic defects in the preceding spermatocyte stage 34 . In control testes, the majority of spermatids exhibited nuclei and nebenkern structures that were spherical, of equal size, and occurred in pairs ( Figure 2E, left) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A germline PAF1 paralog complex ensures cell type-specific gene expression

Vilstrup,

Gupta,

Rasmussen

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Animal germline development and fertility rely on paralogs of general transcription factors that recruit RNA polymerase II to ensure cell type-specific gene expression. It remains unclear whether gene expression processes downstream of such paralog-based transcription is distinct from that of canonical RNA polymerase II genes. In Drosophila, the testis-specific TBP-associated factors (tTAFs) activate over a thousand spermatocyte-specific gene promoters to enable meiosis and germ cell differentiation. Here, we show that efficient termination of tTAF-activated transcription relies on testis-specific paralogs of canonical Polymerase Associated Factor 1 Complex (PAF1C) proteins, which form a testis-specific PAF1C (tPAF). Consequently, tPAF mutants cause aberrant expression of hundreds of downstream genes due to read-in transcription. Furthermore, tPAF facilitates expression of Y-linked male fertility factor genes, and thus broadly maintains spermatocyte-specific gene expression. Consistently, tPAF is required for the segregation of meiotic chromosomes and male fertility. Supported by comparative in vivo protein interaction assays, we provide a mechanistic model for the functional divergence of tPAF and PAF1C and for transcription termination as a developmentally regulated process required for cell type-specific gene expression.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, tPAF mutant testes displayed pronounced abnormalities in the majority of spermatid cysts (Figure 2E-F; Figure S4C , F) . Abnormalities include irregular shapes, enlarged nebenkern, and multinucleation – defects which strongly suggest failure in cytokinesis during meiosis 34 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%