Dynamics of antibodies against hypodermin C in reindeer infested with the reindeer warble fly, Hypoderma tarandi

Åsbakk, Kjetil; Oksanen, Antti; Nieminen, Mauri; Haugerud, Rolf Egil; Nilssen, Arne C.

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.02.007

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…When infested for the first time by warble flies during summer, calves are no longer protected by maternal antibodies (Åsbakk et al ., ). Therefore, being born from a treated mother does not confer any ‘immune advantage’ to calves in terms of antibody protection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The effect of warble flies on reindeer fitness: a parasite removal experiment

et al. 2011

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Parasites extract part or all their resources from their host depriving them of energy that could be normally used for growth, self‐maintenance or reproduction. Thus, parasites are playing a major role in the evolution of life‐history traits of their host through direct or indirect fitness costs. The current experiment investigated the effect of parasitic warble flies (Hypoderma tarandi), on the life‐history traits of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). In autumn‐winter 2005, 52 free‐ranging female reindeer were administrated with an anti‐parasite drug (treatment group), whereas 56 females remained untreated (control group). Subsequently, body mass, reproductive success and calf body mass were recorded in summer and winter the following year for all individuals. Reproductive success, measured as the probability of producing an offspring, was not affected by the treatment. However, the manipulation positively affected female body mass in the summer but not in the winter and a positive trend was observed for the calves during the same season. Overall, our findings indicate that warble flies have a negative impact on reindeer through their effect on body mass and consequently, are likely to affect reindeer life history and population dynamics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

The effect of warble flies on reindeer fitness: a parasite removal experiment

et al. 2011

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“…Similar differences were found by Helle (1980). Compared to yearlings, calves have been found to have a lower and delayed response in the production of antibodies against the enzyme hypodermin C, which is excreted by the migrating larvae (Åsbakk et al 2005). Thus, differences in the immune response could probably not explain the higher larval abundance in 1.5 year old males compared to calves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Escaping parasitism in the selfish herd: age, size and density‐dependent warble fly infestation in reindeer

Fauchald¹,

Rødven²,

Bårdsen³

et al. 2007

Oikos

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It has been suggested that animals may escape attack from mobile parasites by aggregating in selfish herds. A selfish herd disperses the risk of being attacked among its members and the per individual risk of parasite infection should therefore decrease with increasing animal density through the encounter Ádilution effect. Moreover, in a selfish herd, dominant and agile animals should occupy the best positions and thereby receive fewer attacks compared to lower ranked animals at the periphery. We tested these predictions on reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus ) parasitized by warble flies (Hypoderma tarandi ). Warble flies oviposit their eggs on reindeer during summer and induce strong anti-parasitic behavioural responses in the herds. In this period, reindeer are sexually segregated; females and calves form large and dense herds while males are more solitary. After hatching, the warble fly larvae migrate under the skin of their host where they encyst. In the present study encysted larvae were counted on newly slaughtered hides of male calves and 1.5 year old males from 18 different reindeer herds in Finnmark, northern Norway with large contrasts in reindeer density. In reindeer, body mass is correlated with fitness and social status and we hypothesized that individual carcass mass reflected the animal's ability to occupy the best positions within the herd. Larval abundance was higher among the 1.5 year old males than among the calves. For calves we found in accordance with the selfish herd hypothesis a negative relationship between larval abundance and animal density and between larval abundance and body mass. These relationships were absent for the 1.5 year old males. We suggest that these differences were due to different grouping behaviour where calves and females, but not males, aggregated in selfish herds where they escaped parasitism.

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“…Oestrid infestation may have larger effects on calves experiencing their first exposure to parasites while concurrently facing significant costs of growth and development (Hawlena et al 2006). Calves lack antibodies against enzymes secreted by warble fly larvae during their migration within the caribou's body (Asbakk et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelationships between weather, parasitic insects, and barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) behaviour in Northwest Territories and Nunavut.

Witter¹

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Dynamics of antibodies against hypodermin C in reindeer infested with the reindeer warble fly, Hypoderma tarandi

Cited by 21 publications

References 20 publications

The effect of warble flies on reindeer fitness: a parasite removal experiment

The effect of warble flies on reindeer fitness: a parasite removal experiment

Escaping parasitism in the selfish herd: age, size and density‐dependent warble fly infestation in reindeer

Interrelationships between weather, parasitic insects, and barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) behaviour in Northwest Territories and Nunavut.

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