Dynamics of a mutualism in a multi-species context

Bacher, Sven; Friedli, Jürg

doi:10.1098/rspb.2002.2048

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Results from a population dynamics model suggest that, at the observed conversion rates of weevil-infested shoots into systemically rust-infected shoots, a larger number of healthy shoots have to be infested by weevils in order to substantially reduce thistle population size (Bacher and Friedli 2002). However, it should be noted that the conversion rate depends on many factors, among others on the weevil's origin and timing of the weevil infestation (Wandeler and Bacher 2006).…”

Section: Infection Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing systemic rust infections inCirsium arvensein the field

Wandeler

Nentwig

Bacher

2008

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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An existing method to induce systemic rust infections in creeping thistles (Cirsium arvense) using an insect vector, the weevil Ceratapion onopordi, was successfully applied in the field. Urediniospores of Puccinia punctiformis were experimentally transmitted to naturally grown thistles, to our knowledge for the first time resulting in systemically infected shoots in an established thistle population.

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Section: Infection Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing systemic rust infections inCirsium arvensein the field

Wandeler

Nentwig

Bacher

2008

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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“…For example, the presence of particular community members may alter the cost/benefit ratio of a mutualistic interaction (e.g., Morales 2000) or may serve to regulate the mutualism by controlling population dynamics of mutualists (Bacher andFriedli 2002, Hofstetter et al 2006). For example, the presence of particular community members may alter the cost/benefit ratio of a mutualistic interaction (e.g., Morales 2000) or may serve to regulate the mutualism by controlling population dynamics of mutualists (Bacher andFriedli 2002, Hofstetter et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Florivores Limit Cost of Mutualism in the Yucca–yucca Moth Association

Segraves

2008

Ecology

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Multispecies interactions may have important consequences for the ecology and evolution of mutualism by changing the cost-to-benefit ratio. Here I determine whether florivorous beetles can limit moth populations and influence the costs of the mutualism between yuccas and their pollinating moths. Yucca moths actively pollinate yucca flowers, and their larvae feed on a portion of the seeds. I used a manipulative field experiment to examine the hypothesis that the characteristic feeding behavior of the florivorous beetle Hymenorus densus may increase mortality of pollinator moth eggs and reduce the costs incurred by the plant. The results indicated that H. densus consumes moth eggs and that the consumption rate matches levels of moth mortality typically observed in these populations. On average, beetles consumed 1-2 eggs per flower, which translates into an increase in seed production of ;16-32% per fruit. Counterintuitively, these results suggest that florivores can limit moth populations and reduce the costs incurred by the plant.

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“…Our understanding of mutualism has been based largely on studies of pairwise interactions between mutualists (Bacher and Friedli 2002;Bronstein and Barbosa 2002;Stanton 2003). From these studies, we have learned that the evolution and maintenance of mutualisms are dependent on the fitness benefits and costs of engaging in the interaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To fully understand the evolution and maintenance of mutualisms, we need to place them in the community context in which they occur (Cushman and Whitham 1989;Cushman 1991; Thompson and Pellmyr 1992;Thompson 1994;Bacher and Friedli 2002;Bronstein and Barbosa 2002;Stanton 2003). Examining how mutualists interact with other community members is the first step in identifying the direct and indirect effects third parties may have on mutualisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing the interaction between the bogus yucca moth and yuccas: do bogus yucca moths impact yucca reproductive success?

2004

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Yucca moths are most well known for their obligate pollination mutualism with yuccas, where pollinator moths provide yuccas with pollen and, in exchange, the moth larvae feed on a subset of the developing yucca seeds. The pollinators, however, comprise only two of the three genera of yucca moths. Members of the third genus, Prodoxus, are the "bogus yucca moths" and are sister to the pollinator moths. Adult Prodoxus lack the specialized mouthparts used for pollination and the larvae feed on plant tissues other than seeds. Prodoxus larvae feed within the same plants as pollinator larvae and have the potential to influence yucca reproductive success directly by drawing resources away from flowers and fruit, or indirectly by modifying the costs of the mutualism with pollinators. We examined the interaction between the scape-feeding bogus yucca moth, Prodoxus decipiens, and one of its yucca hosts, Yucca filamentosa, by comparing female reproductive success of plants with and without moth larvae. We determined reproductive success by measuring a set of common reproductive traits such as flowering characteristics, seed set, and seed germination. In addition, we also quantified the percent total nitrogen in the seeds to determine whether the presence of larvae could potentially reduce seed quality. Flowering characteristics, seed set, and seed germination were not significantly different between plants with and without bogus yucca moth larvae. In contrast, the percent total nitrogen content of seeds was significantly lower in plants with P. decipiens larvae, and nitrogen content was negatively correlated with the number of larvae feeding within the inflorescence scape. Surveys of percent total nitrogen at three time periods during the flowering and fruiting of Y. filamentosa also showed that larval feeding decreased the amount of nitrogen in fruit tissue. Taken together, the results suggest that although P. decipiens influences nitrogen distribution in Y. filamentosa, this physiological effect does not appear to impact the female components of reproductive success.

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Dynamics of a mutualism in a multi-species context

Cited by 21 publications

References 14 publications

Establishing systemic rust infections inCirsium arvensein the field

Establishing systemic rust infections inCirsium arvensein the field

Florivores Limit Cost of Mutualism in the Yucca–yucca Moth Association

Characterizing the interaction between the bogus yucca moth and yuccas: do bogus yucca moths impact yucca reproductive success?

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