Dynamics, chemical properties and bioavailability of DOC in an early successional catchment

Risse‐Buhl, Ute; Hagedorn, Frank; Dümig, Alexander; Gessner, Mark O.; Schaaf, Wolfgang; Nii-Annang, Seth; Gerull, Linda; Mutz, Michael

doi:10.5194/bg-10-4751-2013

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…This indicates that the demand for P and N was much greater than for carbon, which matches the relatively high concentration of DOC in the flume water. Although the DOC in the water source of the flumes has been found to be highly recalcitrant (Risse‐Buhl et al ., ), algal exudates could have been a source of labile carbon for heterotrophic metabolism during the experiment (Besemer et al ., ). Similar observations on potential N‐ and P‐limitation have been made in a previous flume experiment conducted with ground water from the Chicken Creek catchment and natural sand‐bed sediments (Frossard et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the inflowing side of each flume, a honeycomb filter reduced any large flume irregularities resulting from the pump and generated low‐scale turbulence (Nowell & Jumars, ). An additional peristaltic pump (520‐SN; Watson Marlow, Falmouth) constantly supplied the flumes with well‐aerated ground water that was collected in the Chicken Creek catchment, a well‐characterised experimental site in Germany (51°36′N, 14°16′E, 171 m asl; Gerwin et al ., ; Risse‐Buhl et al ., ), and slightly amended with phosphorus to reach a final concentration of 2 μg L −1 (Table ). Initial measurements showed that under these standardised flow conditions, vertical water flux through gravel was higher than through the mixture or sand, which were characterised by similar fluxes (Table ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Importance of advective mass transfer and sediment surface area for streambed microbial communities

et al. 2016

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Summary Variability of flow and shear stress cause local sorting and a patchy distribution of grain size in streambed sediments. Sediment microbial communities can be affected by the resulting heterogeneity because grain size determines (i) the sediment surface area available for microbial colonisation and (ii) the hydraulic conductivity and hence advective mass transfer of solutes and redox partners. However, the relative influence of the two factors on sediment microbial communities is not clear. We performed an experiment in 12 indoor flumes with three types of sediment: gravel (2–8 mm), a sand–gravel mixture (25 and 75% by mass) and sand (0.2–0.8 mm) in four flumes each. The sediments differed in both advective mass transfer (gravel > sand–gravel mixture = sand) and surface area (gravel < sand–gravel mixture < sand). We added a microbial inoculum to each flume. After 40 days of colonisation, we collected sediment samples to characterise the sediment microbial community by determining the abundance of bacteria and algae, respiration rates and potential enzyme activities. The consistent pattern found across all microbial variables showed that grain size clearly influences sediment microbial communities through advective mass transfer, although an influence of sediment surface area cannot be ruled out: (i) all variables were highest in gravel when expressed per surface area but differed little between sand and the sand–gravel mixture and (ii) all variables were similarly high in gravel and sand or the sand–gravel mixture on a volumetric basis, in spite of a greatly reduced surface area in gravel. Overall, our findings suggest that grain‐size distribution in streams should be taken into account in analyses of streambed microbial communities, especially if it has an effect on advective mass transfer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of advective mass transfer and sediment surface area for streambed microbial communities

et al. 2016

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“…For this study, a time series with 6 yr of annual monitoring (2006)(2007)(2008)(2009)(2010)(2011) is available. The plant species were grouped by (i) lifespan according to Rothmaler (2000), but with only the two categories "annual" and "perennial"; (ii) life forms "grass-like", "herb" or "wood" according to Rothmaler (2000), species of the genus Rubus which in general form woody stems were thus labelled as "wood"; and (iii) affiliation to the Fabaceae family ("Fabaceae" versus "no Fabaceae"). Fabaceae species are of special interest, because they are the only N-fixing vascular plants found on the catchment.…”

Section: Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between substrate, surface characteristics, and vegetation in an initial ecosystem

Biber¹,

Seifert²,

Zaplata

et al. 2013

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. We investigated surface and vegetation dynamics in the artificial initial ecosystem "Chicken Creek" (Lusatia, Germany) in the years 2006-2011 across a wide spectrum of empirical data. We scrutinized three overarching hypotheses concerning (1) the relations between initial geomorphological and substrate characteristics with surface structure and terrain properties, (2) the effects of the latter on the occurrence of grouped plant species, and (3) vegetation density effects on terrain surface change.Our data comprise and conflate annual vegetation monitoring results, biennial terrestrial laser scans (starting in 2008), annual groundwater levels, and initially measured soil characteristics. The empirical evidence mostly confirms the hypotheses, revealing statistically significant relations for several goal variables: (1) the surface structure properties, local rill density, local relief energy and terrain surface height change; (2) the cover of different plant groups (annual, herbaceous, grass-like, woody, Fabaceae), and local vegetation height; and (3) terrain surface height change showed significant time-dependent relations with a variable that proxies local plant biomass. Additionally, period specific effects (like a calendar-year optimum effect for the occurrence of Fabaceae) were proven.Further and beyond the hypotheses, our findings on the spatiotemporal dynamics during the system's early development grasp processes which generally mark the transition from a geo-hydro-system towards a bio-geo-hydro system (weakening geomorphology effects on substrate surface dynamics, while vegetation effects intensify with time), where pure geomorphology or substrate feedbacks are changing into vegetation-substrate feedback processes.

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“…When compared to non-glaciated catchments, the exported amount of OC of glacier ecosystems is typically low [5][6][7][8]. Exports support heterotrophic metabolism in proglacial streams, as the bioavailability of glacier-derived OC is noticeably higher (BDOC, 59 ± 20%; [3]) than those from headwaters in forested catchments (25 ± 5%; [8]) or in structured natural catchments, including forests, agricultural soils, or wetlands (mean 25%; [9]). Moreover, compared to temperate catchments, there are relatively less terrigenous OC inputs from the riparian zone or organic soils in glaciated catchments [10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These temperate glaciers have been shown to be particularly sensitive to climatic fluctuations on an annual to decadal scale [26]. Since the mid-1990's, Icelandic glaciers have shown an average annual mass loss of 9.5 ± 1.5 Gt•yr −1 , resulting in a total loss of 84 km 3 from the icecap volume [9,27,28]. Due to the altitude differences and the geographical position of the glaciers within Iceland, at the border between Arctic and temperate seas, and the cold air masses of the Arctic and warm air masses of lower latitudes, Icelandic glaciers show varying mass balances depending on their position and aspect [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved and Particulate Organic Carbon in Icelandic Proglacial Streams: A First Estimate

Chifflard

Fasching

Reiss

et al. 2019

Water

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Here for the first time, we analyze the concentration of dissolved (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC), as well as its optical properties (absorbance and fluorescence) from several proglacial streams across Iceland, the location of Europe’s largest non-polar ice cap. We found high spatial variability of DOC concentrations and dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition during peak melt, sampling 13 proglacial streams draining the 5 main Icelandic glaciers. Although glacial-derived organic matter (OM) was dominated by proteinaceous florescence, organic matter composition was variable among glaciers, often exhibiting relatively higher aromatic content and increased humification (based on absorbance and fluorescence measurements) closer to the glacier terminus, modulated by the presence of glacial lakes. Additional sampling locations the in flow path of the river Hvitá revealed that while POC concentrations decreased downstream, DOC concentrations and the autochthonous fraction of OM increased, suggesting the reworking of the organic carbon by microbial communities, with likely implications for downstream ecosystems as glaciers continue to melt. Based on our measured DOC concentrations ranging from 0.11 mg·L−1 to 0.94 mg·L−1, we estimate a potential annual carbon release of 0.008 ± 0.002 Tg·C·yr−1 from Icelandic glaciers. This non-conservative first estimate serves to highlight the potentially significant contribution of Icelandic pro-glacial streams to the global carbon cycle and the need for the quantification and determination of the spatio-temporal variation of DOC and POC fluxes and their respective drivers, particularly in light of increased rates of melting due to recent trends in climatic warming.

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Dynamics, chemical properties and bioavailability of DOC in an early successional catchment

Cited by 10 publications

References 82 publications

Importance of advective mass transfer and sediment surface area for streambed microbial communities

Importance of advective mass transfer and sediment surface area for streambed microbial communities

Relationships between substrate, surface characteristics, and vegetation in an initial ecosystem

Dissolved and Particulate Organic Carbon in Icelandic Proglacial Streams: A First Estimate

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