Dynamics and transitions of the coupled Lorenz system

Theoretical studies of the optical and EPR spectra for V3+ in Y2O3 crystal

“…According to the Tanabe-Sugano diagram, for d 2 ions in cubic octahedra, the energy level of 3 T 1g is lower than that of 1 T 2g . The small trigonal distortion (e.g., in Al 2 O 3 :V 3+ ) cannot change the scheme and so all of the components of 3 T 1g due to the splittings by trigonal field are still lower than those of the components of 1 T 2g [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. However, for V 3+ at S 6 site of Y 2 O 3, from our calculations the large trigonal distortion results in the component (t 2g ) 2 1 T 2g 1 E g of 1 T 2g is even lower than some components of 3 T 1g (see Table 1).…”

“…The calculations show that the trigonal field parameters v and v 0 for V 3+ at S 6 site of Y 2 O 3 are much greater than [11,12], and v E800 and v 0 E 200 cm À1 in Refs. [11,20]).…”

“…Diagonalizing the energy matrix, the eigenvalues (and hence the energy levels and the optical band positions) and eigenfunctions jðt 2g Þ 2 3 T 1g ; 0; a 0 i 0 and jðt 2g Þ 2 3 T 1g ; AE1; a 0 i 0 (which are due to the ground orbital state (t 2g ) 2 3 T 1g in cubic field split by the spin-orbit interaction and trigonal crystal field) can be acquired. By means of these eigenfunctions and eigenvalues, the spin-Hamiltonian parameters can be given as [10][11][12] …”

“…In order to check this suggestion (i.e. both the optical and EPR spectra are due to V 3+ at S 6 site of Y 2 O 3 ) and to explain reasonably the optical and EPR spectra of Y 2 O 3 : V 3+ [7], in this paper, we use the complete diagonalization (of energy matrix) method for 3d 2 ions in trigonal symmetry [10][11][12] to calculate the optical and EPR spectral data.…”

Crystal-field hamiltonian and spin–orbit interaction for d2 and d8 ions at low C3 symmetry sites: V3+:Al2O3 and Ni2+:LiNbO3

“…One way to achieve tunable laser oscillation is by using transition metal and rareearth ions as laser active ions in crystals [1][2][3][4]. Since V 3+ :Al 2 O 3 crystal is technologically a important material, a great deal of theoretical and experimental studies have been carried out [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The vanadium ion V 3+ (3d 2 ) readily substitutes for an aluminium ion A1 3+ in A1 2 O 3 [13].…”