Dynamically reversible cooperation and interaction of multiple rotating micromotors

Zhu, Shilu; Cheng, Yifan; Chen, Jialong; Liu, Guangli; Luo, Tingting; Yang, Runhuai

doi:10.1039/d3lc00108c

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Compared to previous work, 62 this paper presents advancements in the manufacturing technology of soft robots, enabling the reversible and programmable functionality of a single-layer hydrogel robot. Besides, if combined with flexible sensing, 63 multi-physical cooperative driving, 64,65 and therapeutic capabilities, 66,67 the single-layer hydrogel robot could realize the integration of diagnosis and treatment and environmental monitoring in the biomedical field. For instance, the integration of temperature-responsive color changes could potentially enable the realization of an unconstrained environmental monitoring system and locally driven soft robot systems.…”

Section: Response Principle Of the Single-layer Hydrogel Robotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Customizable single-layer hydrogel robot with programmable NIR-triggered responsiveness

et al. 2023

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Section: Response Principle Of the Single-layer Hydrogel Robotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Customizable single-layer hydrogel robot with programmable NIR-triggered responsiveness

et al. 2023

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“…Magnetic forces or torques by external magnetic fields can trigger the deformation of the polymer matrix to achieve the robots' locomotion. [31][32][33] For example, helical, [34][35][36] rodlike, 37,38 flake, 39,40 and spherical magnetic robots 41,42 have been proposed by researchers, proving to have great potential in hyperthermia and drug delivery. Innovations in combining biodegradable materials with miniature robots have provided new opportunities to promote clinical translation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic-actuated hydrogel microrobots with multimodal motion and collective behavior

Chen,

Tian,

Zhang

et al. 2024

J. Mater. Chem. B

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“…Similar outcomes have been modeled for microscale systems of spinning gear-like motors with far-field hydrodynamic interactions ( 27 ), and colloidal spinners have been experimentally studied that can separate into distinct clusters ( 28 ). Very small collections of spinning magnetic particles have also been demonstrated to separate mostly by size ( 29 ). While also composed of spinning agents, our heterogeneous microrobot collectives are composed of many magnetic microdisks that span two to three different sizes, spin in the same direction, and interact with other disks near and far in the system via different physical interactions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmable self-organization of heterogeneous microrobot collectives

Ceron

Gardi

Petersen

et al. 2023

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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At the microscale, coupled physical interactions between collectives of agents can be exploited to enable self-organization. Past systems typically consist of identical agents; however, heterogeneous agents can exhibit asymmetric pairwise interactions which can be used to generate more diverse patterns of self-organization. Here, we study the effect of size heterogeneity in microrobot collectives composed of circular, magnetic microdisks on a fluid–air interface. Each microrobot spins or oscillates about its center axis in response to an external oscillating magnetic field, in turn producing local magnetic, hydrodynamic, and capillary forces that enable diverse collective behaviors. We demonstrate through physical experiments and simulations that the heterogeneous collective can exploit the differences in microrobot size to enable programmable self-organization, density, morphology, and interaction with external passive objects. Specifically, we can control the level of self-organization by microrobot size, enable organized aggregation, dispersion, and locomotion, change the overall shape of the collective from circular to ellipse, and cage or expel objects. We characterize the fundamental self-organization behavior across a parameter space of magnetic field frequency, relative disk size, and relative populations; we replicate the behavior through a physical model and a swarming coupled oscillator model to show that the dominant effect stems from asymmetric interactions between the different-sized disks. Our work furthers insights into self-organization in heterogeneous microrobot collectives and moves us closer to the goal of applying such collectives to programmable self-assembly and active matter.

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Dynamically reversible cooperation and interaction of multiple rotating micromotors

Abstract: A microsystem composed of multiple rotating micromotors can achieve reversible transformation between cooperative and interactive modes, and dynamic behaviours of self-organization are realized based on the microsystem.

Cited by 8 publications

References 51 publications

Customizable single-layer hydrogel robot with programmable NIR-triggered responsiveness

Customizable single-layer hydrogel robot with programmable NIR-triggered responsiveness

Magnetic-actuated hydrogel microrobots with multimodal motion and collective behavior

Programmable self-organization of heterogeneous microrobot collectives

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