Dynamical Sign Reversal of Magnetic Correlations in Dissipative Hubbard Models

Abstract

In quantum magnetism, the virtual exchange of particles mediates an interaction between spins. Here we show that an inelastic Hubbard interaction fundamentally alters the magnetism of the Hubbard model due to dissipation in spin-exchange processes, leading to sign reversal of magnetic correlations in dissipative quantum dynamics. This mechanism is applicable to both fermionic and bosonic Mott insulators, and can naturally be realized with ultracold atoms undergoing two-body inelastic collisions. The dynamical reversal of magnetic correlations can be detected by using a double-well optical lattice or quantum-gas microscopy, the latter of which enhances the signal of the magnetic correlations owing to spin-charge separation in one-dimensional systems. Our results open a new avenue toward controlling quantum dissipative many-body states.

The one-dimensional Bose gas with strong two-body losses: the effect of the harmonic confinement

“…The study, that has the merit of highlighting in a transparent way the fermionisation induced by strong two-body losses, does not produce any prediction for the dynamics of the population of the gas. Finally, we mention the existence of a conspicuous literature focusing on the problem of two-body losses in one-dimensional fermionic gases [38][39][40][41].…”

Universal properties of dissipative Tomonaga-Luttinger liquids: Case study of a non-Hermitian XXZ spin chain

“…Non-Hermitian XXZ model NH spin models in the presence of dissipation have been proposed as prototypical dissipative quantum systems which are relevant to experiments in ultracold atoms [11,17,80]. However, NH many-body phenomena in dissipative spin systems are less explored [11,17], compared to the other dissipative spin models that can be mapped to noninteracting NH systems or to those in the master equation frameworks [80][81][82][83]. Here we follow Ref.…”

“…For simplicity, we assume U ↑↑ = U ↓↓ ≡ U and γ ↑↑ = γ ↓↓ ≡ γ. Then, after the second-order perturbation theory with respect to t h , the effective NH Hamiltonian reduces to the NH XXZ model [17,88]…”

“…On the contrary, it has been revealed that dissipation can be used as an efficient tool for preparing novel states in open quantum systems. To date, a lot of theoretical studies have shown that dissipation drastically alters various aspects of quantum manybody physics [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. In particular, the interplay between unitary many-body dynamics and nonunitary state evolution due to dissipation leads to unconventional phase transitions [19][20][21][22][23][24][25], quantum critical phenomena [26][27][28][29][30], and measurementinduced entanglement transitions [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41].…”

“…Experimentally, high controllability of ultracold atoms has enabled observations of novel phases and phenomena unique to open quantum systems [42][43][44][45][46][47][48], e.g., continuous quantum Zeno effect [49][50][51], loss-induced Dicke state [52], and parity-time-symmetric NH quantum many-body systems [53]. For the realization of NH quantum many-body systems, postselection of measurement outcomes with quantum-gas microscopy can be utilized [4,17,26,27,54]. Such experimental progress has facilitated investigations of NH quantum systems.…”