Dynamical Role of Predators in Population Cycles of a Forest Insect: An Experimental Test

Turchin, Peter; Taylor, Andrew D.; Reeve, John D.

doi:10.1126/science.285.5430.1068

Cited by 186 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Studies of diapause behaviour at the individual level, including the heritability of diapause, would be necessary to resolve this question (Bradford & Roff, 1993;Hopper, 1999). Given the results presented here, it seems likely that T. dubius is a component of the delayed response seen in the natural enemy community (Turchin et&., 1999). This predator could at best complete two generations per year, whereas D. frontalis has the potential for six generations (Ungerer etal., 1999), and the occurrence of a diapause in some individuals would add further delays to its numerical response.…”

Section: Complex Emergence Patterns 231mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A large community of natural enemies is associated with D. frontalis, arriving during mass attack or later on in brood development (Camors & Payne, 1973;Dixon & Payne, 1979b). A number of studies indicate that this community can cause significant mortality of D.frontuZis brood inside the tree (Moore, 1972;Linit & Stephen, 1983), with the strongest impact occurring in the year following peak D. frontalis abundance (Turchin et al, 1999). This delayed density dependence, generated by natural enemies, is a possible explanation for the cyclic nature of D. frontalis outbreaks (Turchin etal., 1999;Reeve & Turchin, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complex emergence patterns in a bark beetle predator

Reeve

2000

Agri and Forest Entomology

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1 The emergence pattern of Thanasimus dubius (F.) (Coleoptera: Cleridae), a common predator of the southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis Zimmermann (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), was studied under field conditions across different seasons. A simple statistical model was then developed to characterize the emergence data, using the truncated geometric distribution. Data are also presented on the mortality of T. dubius eggs at various temperatures and humidities in an effort to explain certain aspects of emergence behaviour. 2 Emergence of 7'. dubius from a given tree usually occurred in several discrete episodes across a two-year period, with most individuals emerging in spring or autumn. Almost no emergence occurred in July and August, which may be an adaptation to avoid high temperature mortality. Emergence patterns appeared similar across seasons, with the time of year serving mainly to shift the pattern through time. 3 Cycles in D. frontalis abundance may be the result of delayed density dependence generated by its natural enemy complex. The predator T. dubius is likely to be an important component of this delayed density dependence, because of its lengthy development time and apparent impact on D. front&s.

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Section: Complex Emergence Patterns 231mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complex emergence patterns in a bark beetle predator

Reeve

2000

Agri and Forest Entomology

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“…Note that not all populations of the selected taxa are cyclic. taxon cycle period examples of interactions hypothesized to be generating the cycles spatial dynamics (TWZtravelling waves) possible hypothesis for spatial dynamics larch budmoth, Zeiraphera diniana 8-10 years (Turchin 2003) plant-moth-parasitoid (Turchin 2003), plant-herbivore (Selås 2006a) TW (Bjørnstad et al 2002;Johnson et al 2004) gradients in habitat connectivity and site productivity (Johnson et al 2004(Johnson et al , 2006) southern pine beetle, Dendroctonus frontalis 6-9 years (Turchin 2003) predator-prey (Turchin 2003;Turchin et al 1999), plant-herbivore (Selås 2006a) isolated patchy outbreaks (Turchin et al 1998;Okland et al 2005) diffusion-driven instability by predator -prey interaction (Turchin et al 1998) red grouse, Lagopus lagopus scoticus 6-11 years (Turchin 2003) parasite-grouse (Hudson et al 1998;Lambin et al 1999;Turchin 2003;Redpath et al 2006), kin selection (Moss et al 1996;Matthiopoulos et al 2003Matthiopoulos et al , 2005Turchin 2003;Mougeot et al 2005), plant-herbivore (Selås 2006a) regional synchrony in some years (Cattadori et al 2005), TW (Mougeot et al 2005) seasonal forcing (Cattadori et al 2005), habitat boundary , productivity gradient (Johnson et al 2006) Fennoscandian voles, Microtus spp. and Clethrionomys spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periodic travelling waves in cyclic populations: field studies and reaction–diffusion models

Sherratt

Smith

2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

154

123

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Periodic travelling waves have been reported in a number of recent spatio-temporal field studies of populations undergoing multi-year cycles. Mathematical modelling has a major role to play in understanding these results and informing future empirical studies. We review the relevant field data and summarize the statistical methods used to detect periodic waves. We then discuss the mathematical theory of periodic travelling waves in oscillatory reactiondiffusion equations. We describe the notion of a wave family, and various ecologically relevant scenarios in which periodic travelling waves occur. We also discuss wave stability, including recent computational developments. Although we focus on oscillatory reactiondiffusion equations, a brief discussion of other types of model in which periodic travelling waves have been demonstrated is also included. We end by proposing 10 research challenges in this area, five mathematical and five empirical.

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“…(Coleoptera: Scolytidae) and its predator Thanasimus dubius (F.) (Coleoptera: Cleridae): adult T. dubius are in high abundance 302 N. Warzée et al on the bark surface of attacked trees, can inflict more than 60% mortality to SPB adults and their densities exhibit yearly oscillations phase-shifted with respect to those of SPB [24,28]. In the USA, a predator/prey model based upon the T. dubius/D.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predator/prey ratios: a measure of bark-beetle population status influenced by stand composition in different French stands after the 1999 storms

2006

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-This study presents the results of a four-year trapping experiment in stands heavily infested by Ips typographus following the 1999 storms in north-eastern France. Ten bottle-traps were stapled on dead spruces or on broad-leaves in five spruce stands, among which two comprised pines, a species particularly favourable for the pupation of the predator, Thanasimus formicarius. The phenology of T. formicarius closely reflected that of its prey in all stands. We show that the proportion of pines within a 500 m radius is the main variable influencing predator/prey ratios, and that this variable alone outperforms other forest composition indices such as the Shannon diversity index estimated using all tree categories, or reduced to integrate only three categories (spruce, pine, others). These results are discussed with regard to the possible role of host trees and host-tree diversity in both insects' life-cycles and how the T. formicarius/Ips typographus ratios could be used to describe the status of Ips typographus infestations. biodiversity index / biological control / Ips typographus / Scolytidae / Shannon index / Thanasimus formicarius / Cleridae Résumé -Les ratios prédateur/proies : une mesure des populations de scolytes influencée par la composition du peuplement dans différents sites français après les tempêtes de 1999. Cette étude présente les résultats de quatre années de piégeage dans des peuplements fortement infestés par Ips typographus suite aux tempêtes de 1999 dans le nord-est de la France. Dix pièges-bouteilles ont été agrafés sur des épicéas morts ou des feuillus dans cinq pessières, dont deux comprenaient des pins, arbres particulièrement favorables à la nymphose du prédateur. La phénologie de T. formicarius a étroitement reflété celle de sa proie dans tous les sites. Nous montrons que la proportion de pins dans un rayon de 500 m est la principale variable influençant les ratios prédateur/proies, et que cette variable seule surpasse les autres indices du paysage, tels que l'indice de diversité de Shannon estimé avec toutes les catégories d'arbres, ou réduit seulement à trois catégories (pins, épicéas, autres). Ces résultats sont discutés en fonction du rôle éventuel des arbres hôtes et de leur diversité en ce qui concerne les cycles vitaux des deux insectes, ainsi que le moyen d'utiliser les ratios T. formicarius/Ips typographus pour décrire les infestations d'Ips typographus. index de biodiversité / contrôle biologique / Ips typographus / Scolytidae / index de Shannon / Thanasimus formicarius / Cleridae

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Dynamical Role of Predators in Population Cycles of a Forest Insect: An Experimental Test

Cited by 186 publications

References 15 publications

Complex emergence patterns in a bark beetle predator

Complex emergence patterns in a bark beetle predator

Periodic travelling waves in cyclic populations: field studies and reaction–diffusion models

Predator/prey ratios: a measure of bark-beetle population status influenced by stand composition in different French stands after the 1999 storms

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