Dynamical Model of Elementary Particles Based on an Analogy with Superconductivity. I

Abstract

It is suggested that the nucleon mass arises largely as a self-energy of some primary fermion field through the same mechanism as the appearance of energy gap in the theory of superconductivity. The idea can be put into a mathematical formulation utilizing a generalized Hartree-Fock approximation which regards real nucleons as quasi-particle excitations. We consider a simplified model of nonlinear four-fermion interaction which allows a p5-gauge group. An interesting consequence of the symmetry is that there arise automatically pseudoscalar zero-mass bound states of nucleon-antinucleon pair which may be regarded as an idealized pion. In addition, massive bound states of nucleon number zero and two are predicted in a simple approximation.The theory contains two parameters which can be explicitly related to observed nucleon mass and the pion-nucleon coupling constant. Some paradoxical aspects of the theory in connection with the p5 transformation are discussed in detail.

Quark–hadron matter at finite temperature and density in a two-color PNJL model

“…With the gauge group SU(2) c , the corresponding lattice QCD approach does not have the sign problem, and LQCD simulations can be performed at any baryon chemical potential µ. Quarks carry baryon number 1 2 . Baryons are diquarks, i.e.…”

“…As a consequence of the sign problem in LQCD, it is extremely difficult, however, to deal with the QCD quark-gluon matter at finite density covering broad ranges of real baryon chemical potential. The Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model [1][2][3][4] is often used as an alternative, schematic approach to strongly interacting matter [5][6][7][8][9], based on chiral symmetry and its spontaneous breaking. The NJL model is further generalized by introducing the Polyakov loop to account for important thermodynamical aspects of color confinement [10][11][12].…”

Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in four dimensions at finite temperatures; chemical potential and curvature

“…To study chiral phase transition in QCD we need a non-perturbative treatment and a particularly attractive framework to study such systems is the Nambu-Jona -Lasinio (NJL) model [3]. Linear sigma model is another such model that is amenable to such a study.…”

RPA approach to the excitations of the nucleon Part I: Theory

“…The mesonic part of the spectrum, at least in the pseudoscalar and, with some restriction, in the vector channel, was increasingly well understood due to work based on the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model [5,6]. In that regard the role of the pion as the Goldstone boson of the spontaneously broken chiral symmetry was clarified.…”