Dynamic Wireless Charging Facility Location Problem for Battery Electric Vehicles under Electricity Constraint

An Artificial Physarum polycephalum Colony for the Electric Location-Routing Problem

“…To reduce the difficulty of solving, another approach is to decompose the complex ELRP problem into several sub-problems to be solved separately, i.e., the ELRP can be divided into the EFLP [29] and EVRP [30]. The EFLP is one of the sub-problems in the ELRP and is to decide the optimal location in the network, especially the electric charging stations [2,3,[15][16][17] or the battery swapping stations [12,29]. In the EVRP, a single vehicle is required to achieve the maximum profit and minimum cost with constraints that the route duration is not more than a given threshold.…”

“…However, the construction and investment of charging facilities can also cause damage to environmental sustainability, so the electric location-routing problem (ELRP) is of great significance for promotion of EVs and environmental sustainability [1,2]. The ELRP is composed of two sub-problems: the electric facility location problem (EFLP) [3] and the electric vehicle (EV) routing problem (EVRP) [4]. The ELRP needs to determine the optimal location of electric depots and electric vehicle routes to fit the uncertain requirements of the customers and uncertain electric consumption to minimize costs [5] and energy consumption [6] and improve charging performance [7].…”

“…In many studies, the two sub-problems are often studied separately to simplify the solution process [3,4]. However, a location problem solved without considering the routing problem will lead to an undesirable solution.…”