Dynamic Ventilatory Response to Acute Isocapnic Hypoxia in Septuagenarians

Smith, W. D. F.; Poulin, Michelle; Paterson, Donald H.; Cunningham, David A.

doi:10.1113/eph8602006

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Authors used different methods to explore HVR: the relation _ VE-P ET O 2 and the _ VE/Sa ratio normalized or not to body weight are the most usual methods. A majority of these studies concluded to similar respiratory adaptations to acute hypoxia in young and older people (Ahmed et al, 1991;Smith et al, 2001;Pokorski and FIG. 4.…”

Section: Longitudinal Studymentioning

confidence: 92%

Aging, Tolerance to High Altitude, and Cardiorespiratory Response to Hypoxia

Richalet

Lhuissier

2015

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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Richalet, Jean-Paul, and François J. Lhuissier. Aging, tolerance to high altitude, and cardiorespiratory response to hypoxia. High Alt Med Biol. 16:117-124, 2015.--It is generally accepted that aging is rather protective, at least at moderate altitude. Some anecdotal reports even mention successful ascent of peaks over 8000 m and even Everest by elderly people. However, very few studies have explored the influence of aging on tolerance to high altitude and prevalence of acute high altitude related diseases, taking into account all confounding factors such as speed of ascent, altitude reached, sex, training status, and chemo-responsiveness. Changes in physiological responses to hypoxia with aging were assessed through a cross-sectional 20-year study including 4675 subjects (2789 men, 1886 women; 14-85 yrs old) and a longitudinal study including 30 subjects explored at a mean 10.4-year interval. In men, ventilatory response to hypoxia increased, while desaturation was less pronounced with aging. Cardiac response to hypoxia was blunted with aging in both genders. Similar results were found in the longitudinal study, with a decrease in cardiac and an increase in ventilatory response to hypoxia with aging. These adaptive responses were less pronounced or absent in post-menopausal untrained women. In conclusion, in normal healthy and active subjects, aging has no deleterious effect on cardiac and ventilatory responses to hypoxia, at least up to the eighth decade. Aging is not a contraindication for high altitude, as far as no pathological condition interferes and physical fitness is compatible with the intensity of the expected physical demand of one's individual. Physiological evaluation through hypoxic exercise testing before going to high altitude is helpful to detect risk factors of severe high altitude-related diseases.

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Section: Longitudinal Studymentioning

confidence: 92%

Aging, Tolerance to High Altitude, and Cardiorespiratory Response to Hypoxia

Richalet

Lhuissier

2015

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

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“…However, there is increasing evidence that several physiological functions are well preserved in aging. Namely, several studies have examined the age-related changes in the ventilatory response to hypoxia and found a maintained ventilatory response throughout aging, suggesting that no alteration in peripheral chemoreception occurred in old rats (Pokorski and Antosiewicz 2010) or humans (Smith et al 2001;Pokorski et al 2004;Vovk et al 2004). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In contrast, it has been suggested that peripheral chemoreceptor activity in healthy humans is not impaired by aging (Smith et al 2001;Pokorski et al 2004). Functional experiments in in vivo models to deal with the gap between in vitro isolated preparations of the CBs and humans are required.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carotid body function in aged rats: responses to hypoxia, ischemia, dopamine, and adenosine

Monteiro

Batuca

Obeso

et al. 2010

AGE

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The carotid body (CB) is the main arterial chemoreceptor with a low threshold to hypoxia. CB activity is augmented by A 2 -adenosine receptors stimulation and attenuated by D 2 -dopamine receptors. The effect of aging on ventilatory responses mediated by the CB to hypoxia, ischemia, and to adenosine and dopamine administration is almost unknown. This study aims to investigate the ventilatory response to ischemia and to adenosine, dopamine, and their antagonists in old rats, as well as the effect of hypoxia on adenosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) accumulation in the aged CB. In vivo experiments were performed on young and aged rats anesthetized with pentobarbitone and breathing spontaneously. CB ischemia was induced AGE (2011) 33:337-350 DOI 10.1007 Scientific knowledge on the subject The functional ventilatory consequences of the morphological and molecular changes in the carotid body observed in aged animals, as well as the ventilatory effects of dopamine and adenosine in old animals, are still unknown.What this study adds to the field The carotid body's peripheral control of ventilation is not impaired by aging. The preservation of the inhibitory and excitatory effects on ventilation caused by exogenous dopamine and adenosine, respectively, should be taken into account in the therapeutic use of these amines and their agonists and antagonists in elderly people. by bilateral common carotid occlusions. cAMP content was measured in CB incubated with different oxygen concentrations. Hyperoxia caused a decrease in cAMP in the CB at all ages, but no differences were found between normoxia and hypoxia or between young and old animals. The endogenous dopaminergic inhibitory tonus is slightly reduced. However, both the ventilation decrease caused by exogenous dopamine and the increase mediated by A 2A -adenosine receptors are not impaired in aged animals. The bradycardia induced by adenosine is attenuated in old rats. The CB's peripheral control of ventilation is preserved during aging. Concerns have also arisen regarding the clinical usage of adenosine to revert supraventricular tachycardia and the use of dopamine in critical care situations involving elderly people.

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“…Similar isocapnic hypoxic ventilatory response at rest has been observed in young and older men and women (Smith et al 2001;Pokorski et al 2004;Vovk et al 2004), whereas others have reported reduced isocapnic hypoxic ventilatory responses in older men and women (Kronenberg & Drage, 1973;Serebrovskaya et al 2000;García-Río et al 2007;Hartmann et al 2015). The evaluation of the effect of ageing on the ventilatory response has led to contrasting results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effect of ageing on hypoxic exercise cardiorespiratory, muscle and cerebral oxygenation responses in healthy humans

Puthon

Bouzat

Robach

et al. 2017

Experimental Physiology

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What is the central question of this study? This study aimed to determine the effect of ageing on cardiorespiratory and tissue oxygenation responses to hypoxia during maximal incremental exercise. What is the main finding and its importance? Older healthy subjects had preserved hypoxic cardiorespiratory and tissue oxygenation responses at rest and during moderate exercise. At maximal exercise, they had a reduced hypoxic ventilatory response but similar maximal power output reduction compared with young individuals. This study suggests that until moderate exercise, hypoxic responses are preserved until the age of 70 years and therefore that ageing is not a contraindication for high-altitude sojourn. This study assessed the effects of ageing on cardiorespiratory and tissue oxygenation responses to hypoxia both at rest and during incremental maximal exercise. Sixteen young (20-30 years old) and 15 older healthy subjects (60-70 years old) performed two maximal incremental cycling tests in normoxia and hypoxia (inspiratory oxygen fraction 12%). Cardiorespiratory responses, prefrontal cortex and quadriceps tissue oxygenation (near-infrared spectroscopy) were measured during exercise as well as during hypercapnia at rest. The hypoxic ventilatory response was similar in young compared with older individuals at rest and during moderate-intensity exercise (50% maximal power output: young 0.9 ± 0.2 versus older 1.1 ± 0.8 l min % ; P > 0.05) but larger in young subjects during high-intensity exercise (maximal power output: 2.2 ± 0.8 versus 1.8 ± 1.1 l min % ; P < 0.05). The hypoxic cardiac response did not differ between groups both at rest and during exercise. During exercise in hypoxia, young subjects showed greater deoxygenation than older subjects, at both the prefrontal cortex and quadriceps levels. The hypoxia-induced reduction in maximal power output (young -32 ± 5% versus older -30 ± 6%; P > 0.05) and the hypercapnic responses did not differ between groups. Older healthy and active individuals below the age of 70 years have cardiorespiratory and tissue oxygenation responses to hypoxia similar to young individuals both at rest and during moderate-intensity exercise. Despite a lower hypoxic ventilatory response at maximal exercise, older individuals have similar oxygen desaturation and maximal power output reduction compared with young subjects.

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Dynamic Ventilatory Response to Acute Isocapnic Hypoxia in Septuagenarians

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Aging, Tolerance to High Altitude, and Cardiorespiratory Response to Hypoxia

Aging, Tolerance to High Altitude, and Cardiorespiratory Response to Hypoxia

Carotid body function in aged rats: responses to hypoxia, ischemia, dopamine, and adenosine

Effect of ageing on hypoxic exercise cardiorespiratory, muscle and cerebral oxygenation responses in healthy humans

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