“…Nanoscale ferroelectric systems are a realm of fascination in condensed-matter physics and material community (Yang et al., 2017, Duan et al., 2006). Ferroelectric tunnel junction (FTJ), an ultrathin ferroelectric layer sandwiched by two metallic electrodes (Qin et al., 2016, Li et al., 2015, Pantel et al., 2012), attracts extensive interests as one of the promising ways to achieve semiconductor memories for its advantages of non-destructive readout (Garcia and Bibes, 2014, Scott, 2007, Li et al., 2017a, Garcia et al., 2009), high switching speed (Garcia and Bibes, 2014, Chanthbouala et al., 2012, Yoon et al., 2017), high endurance (Boyn et al., 2017), and simple structure (Guo et al., 2017, Yau et al., 2017). The basic concept of FTJs (called a polar switch at that time) was first proposed by Esaki et al.…”