“…When sailing downwind, a sailboat could become prone to experiencing dynamic instability without warning signs, which makes it more difficult to maintain balance [ 12 ]. And the wind direction is not fixed, as the wind shift changes, sailors need to adjust the heading or the sail's angle in order to get the best wind direction angle.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The upwind and reaching sailing performance are associated with physical fitness, requiring high strength endurance and a good level of aerobic capacity [ 11 ]. Sailing downwind requires well maneuver skills, balance and dynamic stability [ 12 ]. In addition, since upwind leg does not sail in a straight line, the position and number of tacking and sailing distance during the sailing process are important factors that affect the sailing time and race ranking.…”
“…When sailing downwind, a sailboat could become prone to experiencing dynamic instability without warning signs, which makes it more difficult to maintain balance [ 12 ]. And the wind direction is not fixed, as the wind shift changes, sailors need to adjust the heading or the sail's angle in order to get the best wind direction angle.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The upwind and reaching sailing performance are associated with physical fitness, requiring high strength endurance and a good level of aerobic capacity [ 11 ]. Sailing downwind requires well maneuver skills, balance and dynamic stability [ 12 ]. In addition, since upwind leg does not sail in a straight line, the position and number of tacking and sailing distance during the sailing process are important factors that affect the sailing time and race ranking.…”
“…Quasi-steady modeling for an Archimedean sailboat is proven to provide an accurate representation of the performance [14][15][16][17][18]. Assessing the ability to control a sailboat in waves requires the identification of unsteady hydrodynamic coefficients for damping as well as the added mass of the hull in order to model the sailboat behavior in waves in a meaningful way [19][20][21]. Here, the coefficients were computed using the seakeeping open-source program Nemoh [22].…”
In this work, a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) simulator is designed to diagnose the behavior of an autonomous sailboat as it navigates between waypoints. At its core, the HIL simulator includes the sailboat pilot on an embedded system. The sensor data input to the embedded system is fed by a navigation simulator that takes into account the different forces on the sailboat due to the wind, waves and current conditions. The HIL simulator is then tested for a navigation route from sea trials published in 2014, and the behavior of the automated pilot is compared to its behavior when the vessel is driven by a crew. As demonstrated, the automated system can outperform the man-operated vessel. The tool is also used to diagnose weaknesses in the sailboat autopilot algorithm that can be improved in the future.
“…Studies on anti-rolling devices such as fins and gyroscopes applied to pleasure yachts can be found in the literature [7,8]. Dynamic stability in the waves of a large sailing yacht is studied in [9,10]. With regard to the intact stability of a large motor yacht, relevant work has been done in [11,12], where a method to identify the main stability parameters at early design stages is proposed.…”
The IMO’s second-generation intact stability criteria (SGISc) have been applied to a set of seven megayacht units ranging from 40 m to 80 m. The application aims to evaluate their stability performance in a seaway. The assessment is based on two vulnerability levels, and the related criteria rely on the physics of the phenomena under investigation (dead ship condition, excessive acceleration, parametric rolling, pure loss of stability, and surf-riding). At the same time, SGISc provide methodological approaches to consider possible operational limitations related to the geographical area the vessel is meant to sail. Results of the comprehensive analysis carried out for the selected megayacht units are presented in term of limiting KG curves. Outcomes pointed out that inconsistencies among vulnerability levels still exist. Further comments about the relation of the investigated vessel typology and relevant operational profile have been reported. In addition, systematic analysis of the effect of the main design parameter on ship rules compliance has been carried out.
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