Dynamic Spin-Triplet Order Induced by Alternating Electric Fields in Superconductor-Ferromagnet-Superconductor Josephson Junctions

Abstract

Dynamic states offer extended possibilities to control the properties of quantum matter. Recent efforts are focused on studying the ordered states which appear exclusively under the time-dependent drives. Here, we demonstrate a class of systems which feature dynamic spin-triplet superconducting order stimulated by the alternating electric field. The effect is based on the interplay of ferromagnetism, interfacial spin-orbital coupling, and the condensate motion driven by the field, which converts hidden static p-wave order, produced by the joint action of the ferromagnetism and the spin-orbital coupling, into dynamic s-wave equal-spintriplet correlations. We demonstrate that the critical current of Josephson junctions hosting these states is proportional to the electromagnetic power, supplied either by the external irradiation or by the ac current source. Based on these unusual properties we propose the scheme of a Josephson transistor which can be switched by the ac voltage and demonstrates an even-numbered sequence of Shapiro steps. Combining the photoactive Josephson junctions with recently discovered Josephson phase batteries we find photomagnetic SQUID devices which can generate spontaneous magnetic fields while being exposed to irradiation.

Anti-cancer mechanisms of action of therapeutic alternating electric fields (tumor treating fields [TTFields])

“…Figure 1 summarizes the currently known anti-cancer mechanisms of TTFields. Various publications demonstrate that the effect of TTFields on tumor cell growth depends on the frequency, intensity, duration, and field direction for various cell types, with the optimal therapeutic frequency window of 100–300 kHz ( Kirson et al., 2007 , 2009b ; Giladi et al., 2014a ; Voloshin et al., 2016 ; Porat et al., 2017 ; Silginer et al., 2017 ; Jo et al., 2018a , 2019 , 2020 ; Berkelmann et al., 2019 ; Lee et al., 2019 ; Gencturk et al., 2020 ; Bobkova et al., 2021 ; Jeong et al., 2021 ; Linder et al., 2021 ; Mumblat et al., 2021 ; Pfeifer et al., 2021 ; Sabri and Brosseau, 2021 ; Wu et al., 2021 ; Branter et al., 2022 ). Higher frequency and durations of exposure >72 h did not more significantly reduce cell proliferation and did not more significantly improve treatment outcomes ( Kirson et al., 2007 , 2009b ; Giladi et al., 2014a ; Voloshin et al., 2016 ; Porat et al., 2017 ; Silginer et al., 2017 ; Jo et al., 2018a , 2019 ; Berkelmann et al., 2019 ; Lee et al., 2019 ; Gencturk et al., 2020 ).…”

Magnetoelectric effects in Josephson junctions

“…It produces an oscillating condensate motion with the momentum p s = −(2e/c)A(t). It has been demonstrated in [281] that in the S/F/S JJ sketched in figure 25 with Rashba SOC at the S/F interfaces this oscillating condensate motion produces triplet correlations with the energy and time-dependent spin vector constructed as follows:…”

Magnetoelectric effects in Josephson junctions

“…In Ref. 281 it has been estimated that I 0 /(P/P c ) 2 ∼ 10 −1 − 10 −3 A for typical parameters of JJs with ferromagnetic interlayers and taking α ∼ 0.1−1 255,262,[282][283][284] . Assuming ξ S ≈ 30 one can estimate P c ≈ 10(Ω/GHz) 2 W/m 2 .…”