2004
DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2004.836778
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Dynamic simulation of FES-cycling: influence of individual parameters

Abstract: Cycling by means of functional electrical simulation (FES) is an attractive training method for spinal cord injured (SCI) subjects. FES-cycling performance is influenced by a number of parameters like seating position, physiological parameters, conditions of surface stimulation, and pedaling rate. The objective of this paper was the determination of the influence of the most important parameters on optimal muscle stimulation patterns and power output of FES-cycling on a noncircular pedal path. The rider-cycle … Show more

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Cited by 41 publications
(27 citation statements)
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“…Other groups have attempted to numerically optimize activation angles by maximizing an analytical cost function which captures mechanical output forces [21,22,23,24]. This approach is based upon a dynamic simulation model of lower-limb cycling, and has not thus far been experimentally verified.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Other groups have attempted to numerically optimize activation angles by maximizing an analytical cost function which captures mechanical output forces [21,22,23,24]. This approach is based upon a dynamic simulation model of lower-limb cycling, and has not thus far been experimentally verified.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To our knowledge, the timing patterns from these studies have not been tested experimentally. The timing patterns for the QUADS, GLUTS, and HAMS from these two studies, as well as several other simulation studies designed to maximize pedaling power, [54][55][56] enveloped those of both StimErg and Stim3. A disadvantage of increased stimulation duration is the associated longer duty cycle.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 82%
“…Past FES-cycling control methods have utilized linear controllers [9]- [11], fuzzy logic and sliding mode controllers [12]- [14], or controllers based on experimental data or numerical optimizations [15]- [18]. All of these previous studies lack detailed stability analyses or require exact model knowledge.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%