Dynamic security issues in autonomous power systems with increasing wind power penetration

Margaris, Ioannis; Hansen, Alexander; Sørensen, Poul Ejnar; Hatziargyriou, Nikos D.

doi:10.1016/j.epsr.2010.11.027

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…This simplification can be justified by saying that the constant R in Figure represents the equivalent regulating constant of the system deprived of the lost unit, as the initial value of the frequency is the nominal and such parameter has therefore no influence on it. It is however useful to remark that modern wind turbines are likely to also provide droop capability, if they are equipped with dedicated frequency droop controller, further improving the dynamic performance and reducing the steady‐state frequency drift after the contingency …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…load or generation change), highlighting the different concepts of primary and secondary frequency control. The primary frequency control is provided by the inertia of the system that influences the dynamics of the response and by the droop control that determines the value of the new steady‐state frequency, as well as the dynamics of the primary response . The frequency response of the system depends on the magnitude of the unbalancing event and on the load's total frequency dependency.…”

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Virtual inertia for variable speed wind turbines

et al. 2012

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Inertia provision for frequency control is among the ancillary services that different national grid codes will likely require to be provided by future wind turbines. The aim of this paper is analysing how the inertia response support from a variable speed wind turbine (VSWT) to the primary frequency control of a power system can be enhanced. Unlike fixed speed wind turbines, VSWTs do not inherently contribute to system inertia, as they are decoupled from the power system through electronic converters. Emphasis in this paper is on how to emulate VSWTs inertia using control of the power electronic converter and on its impact on the primary frequency response of a power system. An additional control for the power electronics is implemented to give VSWTs a virtual inertia, referring to the kinetic energy stored in the rotating masses, which can be released initially to support the system's inertia. A simple Matlab/Simulink model and control of a VSWT and of a generic power system are developed to analyse the primary frequency response following different generation losses in a system comprising VSWTs provided with virtual inertia. The possibility of substituting a 50% share of conventional power with wind is also assessed and investigated. The intrinsic problems related to the implementation of virtual inertia are illustrated, addressing their origin in the action of pitch and power control. A solution is proposed, which aims at obtaining the same response as for the system with only conventional generation. The range of wind speeds near the power limitation zone seems to be the most critical from a primary response point of view. The theoretical reasons behind this are elucidated in the paper.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: System Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual inertia for variable speed wind turbines

et al. 2012

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“…For the on-line updating of the DSA engine, the DSA performance can be evaluated by the CA or prediction errors known as MAPE or MAE:  For discrete DSIs: (8) where i N in (2) is the correctness count, i y and ' i y are the real and predicted DSIs, respectively, and d is the total number of the testing instances. The on-line generated instances are used to continuously (or periodically) examine the DSA engine, once the DSA accuracy is found unsatisfactory, it will be subjected to an updating, using the latest instances.…”

Section: B Model Updatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Firstly, the wind power generators, like DFIGs, could alter the system dynamic behaviour a lot. Some investigations show that both detrimental and beneficial impacts can be observed in this regard [6]- [8]. More generally, the wind power generation could significantly baffle the DSA activities of the power system.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Intelligent Dynamic Security Assessment Framework for Power Systems With Wind Power

Zhang

et al. 2012

IEEE Trans. Ind. Inf.

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“…Em uma situação deste tipo, é natural que ocorram variações nas tensões e na frequência da rede. Uma vez os parques eólicos sendo capazes de oferecer boas respostas frente aos requisitos de operação, mantendo a sua operação ininterrupta, contribui-se significativamente para que as variáveis do sistema permaneçam em níveis adequados, como observado também em (Margaris et al, 2011).…”

Section: Estudos De Estabilidade De Aerogeradoresunclassified

Avaliação da estabilidade de aerogeradores via método direto

Sohn¹

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Palavras-chave: Aerogerador. Estabilidade de velocidade. Fonte alternativa. Função energia. Limite operacional. LVRT. Método direto. PEBS. xiv xv Abstract A. P. Sohn. Stability assessment of wind turbines via direct method. 138 f. Tese de doutorado, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, 2019.This thesis gives a step forward in the direction of reviewing the problem of transient stability and the theory of PEBS method to include models of renewable power plants and their operational limits. The formulation of direct methods with constraint is accomplished by exploring the theory of constrained dynamic systems and the concept of constrained stability region. In particular, the speed stability of the main wind turbine configurations equipped with an induction generator is analyzed, considering the low voltage ride-through requirement, or LVRT curve, as a constraint to the model. An augmented auxiliary dynamical system is developed to represent the time-dependent LVRT constraint as an equivalent time invariant constraint written in terms of an auxiliary state variable. This auxiliary system has its unconstrained stability region equals to the constrained stability region of the constrained dynamic system. The models are described in the form of algebraic and differential equations. The problem of speed stability and the problem of disconnection of wind turbines due to voltage limits violation are investigated via analysis of stability region of the post-fault equilibrium point and critical clearing times obtained for several perturbations. The results show that: i) for different operational limits and for different parameters of the induction machine, the stability regions for a given operating point can be significantly different, ii) in most cases, the violation of the LVRT curve occurs before the speed instability, which reveals the importance of include operational limits in transient stability analysis and in the formulation of direct methods and iii) in most cases, the developed energy functions to evaluate the problem of speed stability and the problem of voltage limits violation, are generally capable of making good estimates of critical clearing times. The developed studies about the transient stability assessment of different models of wind turbines via direct method contribute with applications that can be used in real-time security assessments of power systems that contemplate renewable power plants and their operational limits.

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Dynamic security issues in autonomous power systems with increasing wind power penetration

Cited by 18 publications

References 18 publications

Virtual inertia for variable speed wind turbines

Virtual inertia for variable speed wind turbines

An Intelligent Dynamic Security Assessment Framework for Power Systems With Wind Power

Avaliação da estabilidade de aerogeradores via método direto

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