Dynamic Scapulohumeral Rhythm: The Effects of External Resistance During Elevation of the Arm in the Scapular Plane

McQuade, Kevin J.; Smidt, Gary L.

doi:10.2519/jospt.1998.27.2.125

Cited by 176 publications

(121 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Previous investigations of the effects of loads on scapular kinematics have produced varying results. 37,62,63,74 Comparisons among studies are hampered by different methods of investigation, as well as differences in the handheld loads imposed and subject populations tested.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…36 Calculations were based on our judgment of what are clinically meaningful differences and variability estimates from previous studies on subjects without shoulder impairment. 25,37,38 Fifty-two construction worker volunteers-31 sheet metal workers and 21 carpenters (26 subjects per group)-met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the investigation. Subjects with symptoms of shoulder impingement completed the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI).…”

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[41][42][43][44] This system has been used frequently in shoulder biomechanics research. 37,[45][46][47][48][49] Pilot testing with the FASTRAK system on and off was done with 5 subjects to determine the separation between the FASTRAK transmitter and EMG surface electrodes necessary to prevent electromagnetic artifact in the EMG signal. For all subjects, who maintained a 20.3-cm (8-in) minimum separation during testing, no electromagnetic artifact was detectable in the RMS magnitude or spectral analysis of the EMG signals.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations in Shoulder Kinematics and Associated Muscle Activity in People With Symptoms of Shoulder Impingement

2000

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Background and Purpose. Treatment of patients with impingement symptoms commonly includes exercises intended to restore "normal" movement patterns. Evidence that indicates the existence of abnormal patterns in people with shoulder pain is limited. The purpose of this investigation was to analyze glenohumeral and scapulothoracic kinematics and associated scapulothoracic muscle activity in a group of subjects with symptoms of shoulder impingement relative to a group of subjects without symptoms of shoulder impingement matched for occupational exposure to overhead work. Subjects. Fifty-two subjects were recruited from a population of construction workers with routine exposure to overhead work. Methods. Surface electromyographic data were collected from the upper and lower parts of the trapezius muscle and from the serratus anterior muscle. Electromagnetic sensors simultaneously tracked 3-dimensional motion of the trunk, scapula, and humerus during humeral elevation in the scapular plane in 3 handheld load conditions: (1) no load, (2) 2.3-kg load, and (3) 4.6-kg load. An analysis of variance model was used to test for group and load effects for 3 phases of motion (31°-60°, 61°-90°, and 91°-120°). Results. Relative to the group without impingement, the group with impingement showed decreased scapular upward rotation at the end of the first of the 3 phases of interest, increased anterior tipping at the end of the third phase of interest, and increased scapular medial rotation under the load conditions. At the same time, upper and lower trapezius muscle electromyographic activity increased in the group with impingement as compared with the group without impingement in the final 2 phases, although the upper trapezius muscle changes were apparent only during the 4.6-kg load condition. The serratus anterior muscle demonstrated decreased activity in the group with impingement across all loads and phases. Conclusion and Discussion. Scapular tipping (rotation about a medial to lateral axis) and serratus anterior muscle function are important to consider in the rehabilitation of patients with symptoms of shoulder impingement related to occupational exposure to overhead work. [Ludewig PM, Cook TM. Alterations in shoulder kinematics and associated muscle activity in people with symptoms of shoulder impingement. Phys Ther. 2000;80:276 -291.]

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alterations in Shoulder Kinematics and Associated Muscle Activity in People With Symptoms of Shoulder Impingement

2000

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“…29 Furthermore, previous studies 16,23 have shown that alterations in scapular kinematics may be increased during a more physically demanding task, such as holding a load during humeral elevation. A Biodex System 3 isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Medical, Shirley, NY) was used in the current study prior to kinematic assessment to determine the load that each subject would hold during the kinematic trials.…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scapular Dysfunction in Throwers with Pathologic Internal Impingement

Laudner

Myers

Pasquale

et al. 2006

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther

192

153

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Study Design: Case control group study. Objectives: To compare scapular position and orientation between baseball players with and without pathologic internal impingement. Background: Scapular dysfunction has been implicated as a contributor to throwing-related pathologic internal impingement of the shoulder due to its role in increasing the contact between the greater tuberosity and posterior-superior glenoid, thereby impinging the posterior rotator cuff tendon(s) and labrum. However, to date, no definitive data demonstrate this scapular dysfunction in throwing athletes. The purpose of this study was to assess, in a controlled laboratory environment, whether scapular position and orientation would be different in throwing athletes diagnosed with pathologic internal impingement than in a control group of throwing athletes. Methods and Measures: Eleven throwing athletes diagnosed with pathologic internal impingement, using both clinical examination and a magnetic resonance arthrogram, were demographically matched with a control group of 11 throwers with no history of upper extremity injury. An electromagnetic tracking device was used to measure scapular internal/external rotation, anterior/ posterior tilt, upward/downward rotation, sternoclavicular protraction/retraction, and elevation/ depression during humeral elevation within the scapular plane. Comparisons were made between groups with analysis of variance models (PϽ.05). Results:The individuals in the pathologic internal impingement group demonstrated statistically significant increased sternoclavicular elevation when elevating their humerus from 30°to 120°( P = .002) and from 60°to 120°(P = .003), compared to the control group. Furthermore, these patients also had increased posterior scapular tilt position (P = .016). No statistically significant differences were present in any other scapular variables measured. Conclusions: Based on the results of this study, throwing athletes diagnosed with pathologic internal impingement present with statistically significant increases in sternoclavicular elevation and scapular posterior tilt position during humeral elevation in the scapular plane.

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“…The glenohumeral joint (GHJ) and the scapulothoracic joint (STJ) are thought to be important in the shoulder complex and make up a large portion of shoulder movement. There are numerous studies on scapulo-humeral rhythm and muscle activity, especially during shoulder elevation [1][2][3][4][5]. Therefore, although there is a lot of information on shoulder elevation, there is less information on horizontal abduction and adduction and internal and external rotation of the shoulder joint [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isometric Contraction of Scapular Muscles Activities during Horizontal Abduction and Adduction of the Shoulder

Ijiri¹,

Takagi²,

Suzuki³

2017

J Nov Physiother

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Background: Scapular stability is important for shoulder movement; however, the mechanism of scapular stability remains unknown. In addition, activities of scapular muscles have been only evaluated during shoulder elevation, but not extensively observed those of other shoulder movements. We investigated muscle activity, including scapular muscle activity, during horizontal abduction and adduction of the shoulder joint.

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Dynamic Scapulohumeral Rhythm: The Effects of External Resistance During Elevation of the Arm in the Scapular Plane

Cited by 176 publications

References 6 publications

Alterations in Shoulder Kinematics and Associated Muscle Activity in People With Symptoms of Shoulder Impingement

Alterations in Shoulder Kinematics and Associated Muscle Activity in People With Symptoms of Shoulder Impingement

Scapular Dysfunction in Throwers with Pathologic Internal Impingement

Isometric Contraction of Scapular Muscles Activities during Horizontal Abduction and Adduction of the Shoulder

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