Dynamic Responses of Ascorbate Pool and Metabolism in Lettuce to Long-term Continuous Light Provided by Red and Blue LEDs

Zha, Lingyan; Zhang, Yubin; Liu, Wenke

doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2019.04.003

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Comparatively, lettuce seems to be more tolerant to CL than tomato. Although lettuce also had elevated ROS and antioxidant contents under CL at normal light intensity (200 µmol·m −2 ·s −1 ), it can grow normally and gain greater biomass without observable leaf injury according to our previous study (Zha et al, 2019). Thus, it is necessary to clarify the tolerance levels of lettuce to the intensity and duration of CL, which can be evaluated by oxidative stress, antioxidant capacity (ascorbate metabolism), and chlorophyll fluorescence responses of lettuce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…It has been proved that plant species with higher antioxidant contents (Demers and Gosselin, 2002) or greater ROS-detoxifying enzyme activities (Murage and Masuda, 1997) showed lower or no CL-induced injury compared with other plant species. In our previous study on lettuce (Zha et al, 2019), ROS contents and antioxidant enzyme activities were distinctly elevated by CL compared with those under a normal photoperiod (16/8 h), although no leaf injury was observed under CL.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Unlike the above growth parameters, differences in leaf area were not observed under CL among different light intensities. Our previous study found that the increase in lettuce shoot biomass induced by CL was dependent on specific leaf FW rather than leaf area (Zha et al, 2019). This conclusion can also be applied to present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Physiological Stress Responses of Lettuce to Different Intensities of Continuous Light

et al. 2019

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In this study, specific dynamic changes in growth, oxidative stress, ascorbate metabolism, and chlorophyll fluorescence were monitored during 12 days in lettuce plants exposed to continuous light (CL) of different intensities: low light (LL, 100 μmol·m−2·s−1), medium light (ML, 200 μmol·m−2·s−1), and high light (HL, 300 μmol·m−2·s−1). Lettuce plants grown under CL of higher light intensity gained greater biomass, dry weight ratio, root/shoot ratio, and specific leaf FW, but not leaf area. Both the reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and the lipid peroxidation degree, measured in terms of the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, were progressively enhanced by increasing the light intensity of CL. Overall, the pool sizes of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione, as well as the activities of enzymes involved in AsA metabolism, had positive correlations with light intensity under CL. Ascorbate peroxidase and dehydroascorbate reductase presented the maximal and minimal responses to light intensity, respectively, among all the studied enzymes. After 6 days under CL, ML and HL intensity caused reversible photoinhibition, represented by lower values of maximum quantum efficiency (F v /F m), effective quantum yield (ΦPSII), and photochemical quenching (qP) and a higher value of non-photochemical quenching (qN). However, this photoinhibition recovered on day 12 with increasing of F v /F m, ΦPSII, and qP. Taken together, under ML and HL conditions, greater AsA level could help maintain photosynthetic efficiency by elevating excess excitation energy dissipation, though ROS accumulation and lipid peroxidation could not be prevented in the long-term. Likewise, there was no dark period under LL condition, but no photooxidative stress was observed in lettuce. Thus, it is concluded that photooxidative stress induced by CL can be attributed to excessive daily light integral instead of circadian asynchrony.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Morphological and Physiological Stress Responses of Lettuce to Different Intensities of Continuous Light

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“…•s −1 , 15 days) didn't induce leaf injury on lettuce in our previous study, it increased photooxidative pressure, which was characterized by enhanced ROS content and antioxidant activity (Zha et al, 2019b). Additionally, it had been reported that high ratio of blue light aggravated continuous light induced injury on tomato (Demers and Gosselin, 2002).…”

Section: Regulation Of Red:blue Ratio On Asa Under Continuous Light Cmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Although numerous studies have shown that continuous light induced severe leaf damage of some sensitive plant species, such as tomato, there were also some species could tolerance continuous light and showed positive responses (Sysoeva et al, 2010;Velez-Ramirez et al, 2011). Our previous study indicated that continuous light improved both the yield and AsA level of hydroponic lettuce without causing any leaf injury and dysfunction compared with lettuce grown under a normal photoperiod (16 h light /8 h dark) (Zha et al, 2019b). Optimize light parameters of continuous light could further elevate AsA level, as light is the most vital environment factor affecting AsA level (Ntagkas et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Regulation of Ascorbate Accumulation and Metabolism in Lettuce by the Red:Blue Ratio of Continuous Light Using LEDs

et al. 2020

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Ascorbate (AsA), an antioxidant that cannot be synthesized and stored by the human body, plays an essential role in the proper functioning of both plants and humans. With the goal of increasing the AsA level in lettuce, the effects of different ratios of red (R) to blue (B) light (75R:25B, 50R:50B, and 25R:75B) on AsA pool sizes as well as the transcript levels and activities of key enzymes involved in AsA metabolism were constantly monitored for 12 days under continuous light (200 µmol•m −2 •s −1) from LEDs. The results showed that lettuce biomass was positively correlated with the ratio of red light, while the AsA pool size had a positive correlation with the ratio of blue light during the whole experiment. The 25R:75B treatment increased the expression of genes involved in AsA biosynthesis (GMP, GME, GGP, GPP, GLDH) and regeneration (APX, MDHAR, DHAR, and GR) on day 3 but only significantly elevated the activities of enzymes involved in AsA regeneration (APX, MDHAR, DHAR, and GR) subsequently. AsA regeneration enzymes (MDHAR, DHAR and GR) had greater correlations with the AsA level than the AsA synthesis enzyme (GLDH). Thus, it is concluded that a high ratio of blue light elevated the AsA level mainly by promoting AsA regeneration rather than biosynthesis. Taken together, altering the red:blue ratio of continuous light from high to low before harvest is recommended for lettuce cultivation to achieve both high yield and high quality.

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Organelle-specific localization of glutathione in plants grown under different light intensities and spectra

Gasperl

Zellnig

Kocsy

et al. 2022

Histochem Cell Biol

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Plant ascorbate and glutathione metabolism counteracts oxidative stress mediated, for example, by excess light. In this review, we discuss the properties of immunocytochemistry and transmission electron microscopy, redox-sensitive dyes or probes and bright-field microscopy, confocal microscopy or fluorescence microscopy for the visualization and quantification of glutathione at the cellular or subcellular level in plants and the quantification of glutathione from isolated organelles. In previous studies, we showed that subcellular ascorbate and glutathione levels in Arabidopsis are affected by high light stress. The use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is gaining increasing importance in growing indoor crops and ornamental plants. A combination of different LED types allows custom-made combinations of wavelengths and prevents damage related to high photon flux rates. In this review we provide an overview on how different light spectra and light intensities affect glutathione metabolism at the cellular and subcellular levels in plants. Findings obtained in our most recent study demonstrate that both light intensity and spectrum significantly affected glutathione metabolism in wheat at the transcriptional level and caused genotype-specific reactions in the investigated Arabidopsis lines.

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Dynamic Responses of Ascorbate Pool and Metabolism in Lettuce to Long-term Continuous Light Provided by Red and Blue LEDs

Cited by 38 publications

References 45 publications

Morphological and Physiological Stress Responses of Lettuce to Different Intensities of Continuous Light

Morphological and Physiological Stress Responses of Lettuce to Different Intensities of Continuous Light

Regulation of Ascorbate Accumulation and Metabolism in Lettuce by the Red:Blue Ratio of Continuous Light Using LEDs

Organelle-specific localization of glutathione in plants grown under different light intensities and spectra

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