Dynamic respiratory endoscopic findings pre‐ and post laryngoplasty inThoroughbred racehorses

Abstract

Multiple forms of DUAO occurred pre-LP and additional forms often developed post LP. Post LP the degree of arytenoid cartilage abduction at rest was useful to predict the degree of abduction during exercise.

Modified first or second cervical nerve transplantation technique for the treatment of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy in horses

“…We, therefore, believe that the improved exercising grades obtained after surgery in our study were due to the reinnervation. Several other studies in which resting and exercising endoscopy post-laryngoplasty were compared revealed a loss of arytenoid abduction during exercise compared with the resting abduction in 21% [20], 37% [22] and 45% [23] of the horses investigated, which was not observed in our study. In exercising grade C, the left arytenoid is less abducted than in the natural resting position [14] and, logically, this restricts airway flow.…”

“…In recent papers describing exercising endoscopy post-laryngoplasty, DUAO was observed in 37-58% of cases [22,23]. After reinnervation surgery, horses may have low resting abduction grades because the C1/C2 nerve is only activated during forced respiration.…”

“…Care was taken to avoid trauma to the nerve or the vascular tissue within the epineurium. All horses received antimicrobials (procaine benzylpenicillin 22 with the advice to keep the horse stall-rested for 15 days followed by daily hand-walking for 15 days. Branches from the dissected nerve/s, which, when stimulated, produced strongest contraction of the OH (assessed subjectively), were identified.…”

Serial evaluation of resting and exercising overground endoscopic examination results in young Thoroughbreds with no treatment intervention

“…Numerous URT abnormalities showed weak‐to‐negligible agreement in disorder grade/appearance between putatively identical OGE examinations, with conditions such as PI, MDAF, epiglottic grade and iDDSP (at all exercise stages) variable in the direction of the change in grade/appearance. Previous publications have also demonstrated changes in URT abnormalities between OGE examinations, although surgical treatment conducted between examinations and/or undiagnosed pre‐existing or newly developed URT disease(s) were hypothesised to induce these changes . Duration of time between OGE examinations in this study did not significantly affect variability for the majority of URT disorders.…”

Impact of pharyngeal endoscopic tip placement and water flushing interval on upper respiratory tract disorders in horses undergoing overground endoscopy

“…Overground endoscopy (OGE) is now commonly used for diagnosis of upper respiratory tract (URT) disorders in horses during exercise . However, variability in exercising endoscopy findings have been recognised to occur in association with different exercise intensities, head positions, tack and inter‐observer variation in URT disorder grading .…”