Dynamic regulation of brain aromatase and isotocin receptor gene expression depends on parenting status

DeAngelis, Ross; Dodd, Logan; Snyder, A. Peter; Rhodes, Justin S.

doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018.06.006

Cited by 25 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The exhaustive survey of prohormone sequences across fish families obtained from the present inter-species and multi-step bioinformatics initiative enable the accurate identification and quantification of corresponding genes, proteins and peptides. This information supports the study of molecular mechanisms regulated by neuropeptides, such as behavior, body size, sex plasticity and feeding [8,[18][19][20][21][36][37][38]. Moreover, the multi-species comparison enabled the identification of conserved regions among the prohormones, and sequences that are unique to particular species or families.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…The melanocortin system involving the POMC genes have been shown to be directly related to cichlid behavior where yellow Astatotilapia burtoni males were more aggressive and had lower cortisol levels than the blue males [15]. Both AVP and OXT genes contain similar nonapeptides, isotocin (homologous to mammalian oxytocin) and vasotocin (homologous to mammalian vasopressin), respectively, that influence various fish social behaviors [8,11,[16][17][18][19][20][21]. AVP has been associated with a variety of fish behaviors, including social status [22,23], and regulates mate-guarding behaviors [24] and species differences in mutualistic behavior [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the prohormone complement in Amphiprion and related fish species integrating genome and transcriptome assemblies

et al. 2020

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The Amphiprion (anemonefish or clownfish) family of teleost fish, which is not a common model species, exhibits multiple unique characteristics, including social control of body size and protandrous sex change. The social changes in sex and body size are modulated by neuropeptide signaling pathways. These neuropeptides are formed from complex processing from larger prohormone proteins; understanding the neuropeptide complement requires information on complete prohormones sequences. Genome and transcriptome information within and across 22 teleost fish species, including 11 Amphiprion species, were assembled and integrated to achieve the first comprehensive survey of their prohormone genes. This information enabled the identification of 175 prohormone isoforms from 159 prohormone proteins across all species. This included identification of 9 CART prepropeptide genes and the loss of insulin-like 5B and tachykinin precursor 1B genes in Pomacentridae species. Transcriptome assemblies generally detected most prohormone genes but provided fewer prohormone genes than genome assemblies due to the lack of expression of prohormone genes or specific isoforms and tissue sampled. Comparisons between duplicate genes indicated that subfunctionalization, degradation, and neofunctionalization may be occurring between all copies. Characterization of the prohormone complement lays the foundation for future peptidomic investigation of the molecular basis of social physiology and behavior in the teleost fish.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the prohormone complement in Amphiprion and related fish species integrating genome and transcriptome assemblies

et al. 2020

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“…The purpose was to quantify levels of parental care and aggression in response to the social manipulations. Videos were scored for parental care and other social behaviors using JWatcher behavioral event recording software following previous reports [35][36][37][38] . In experiments 1-3, a total of 40 min of video was scored (10 min x 4 days) for each individual per spawn period (treatment).…”

Section: Experimental Design Experiments 1-male and Female Removal Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous alloparental care of unrelated offspring by non-breeding Amphiprion ocellaris in absence of the biological parents

Phillips

DeAngelis

Gogola

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Many species display alloparental care, where individuals care for offspring that are not their own, but usually the behavior is contingent on the individual receiving some direct or indirect benefit. In anemonefish, after removing the breeding male, non-breeders have been observed providing care for eggs they did not sire and which are not kin. Previously this behavior was interpreted as coerced by the female. The purpose of this study was to test the alternative hypothesis that the alloparental care occurs spontaneously without prodding by the female. Groups of Amphiprion ocellaris (male, female and non-breeder) were maintained in the laboratory and behavior monitored after removing the male and both the male and female. Non-breeders began to care for eggs after male removal and further increased parental care after male and female removal. Level of care was not as high as experienced males, but additional experiments showed performance increases with experience. In a separate experiment, non-breeders were placed alone in a novel aquarium and eggs from an established spawning pair were introduced. Approximately 30% of the fish displayed extensive fathering behavior within 90 min. Taken together, our results demonstrate that fathering behavior in A. ocellaris occurs spontaneously, independent of paternity or kinship. Alloparental care, where individuals care for offspring that are not their immediate descendants occurs with reasonable frequency in nature 1-6. However, usually the behavior is actively reinforced by the breeding individuals or contingent on their presence. For instance, in the cooperative breeding cichlid, Neolamprologus pulcher, unrelated subordinates assist the dominant pair in reproduction, otherwise they would be chased out of the territory by the larger breeding pair 5,7. Similarly, in anemonefish Amphiprion clarkii, subordinate, non-breeders care for eggs they did not sire and which are not kin, and the behavior is explained as being coerced by the presence of the dominant female 8. However, anemonefish have a peculiar life history which may have provided the right context for the appearance of unconditional, spontaneous fathering behavior independent of paternity or experience. Anemonefish, or clownfish, are an iconic group of coral reef fish, beloved by the aquarium hobby, and as such their life history has been studied for decades and extensively reviewed elsewhere 9,10. Anemonefish, such as A. clarkii, and especially A. ocellaris, typically live in small groups consisting of one alpha female and one beta male which reproduce together exclusively (i.e., genetic monogamy) plus zero to several gamma non-reproductive subordinates 11,12. The reproductively suppressed gamma individuals are sexually immature 13,14. However, they can rapidly acquire male reproductive potential if the male is removed 15. These gamma individuals are tolerated by the breeding pair and maintain their own dominance hierarchy below the breeders 16. They do not normally provide care towards the eggs and are usually cha...

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“…Some study reports that circumstantial evidences indicate that both sexes of parents care for their offspring and provide their body mucus as food for fry when fry begin to freely swim (Ahmad et al, 2007;Shun Satoh, Tanoue, & Mohri, 2018). In discus fish, mucus provisioning is essential for offspring survival, and offspring depend on parental mucus more than any other species that provide mucus to their offspring (R. DeAngelis, Dodd, Snyder, & Rhodes, 2018). In the past many studies have focused on the behavioral characteristics of mucus feeding in the discus (Buckley et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For breeding animals, rapidly shifting social and physical demands may lead to especially critical physio-logical, behavioral, and life history trade-offs (Ahmad et al, 2007;Robert, 1972;Stiver & Alonzo, 2009). Understanding how species and behaviors are coordinated among and within individuals is of keen interest in social neuroscience, especially as behavioral variation corresponds to variation within the brain (R. DeAngelis et al, 2018). Animals shift to parenting while also maintaining their own energy reserves .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptome analysis of discus fish (Symphysodon haraldi) skin and brain to identify genes involved in ‘milk’ secretion during parental care

Yuling¹,

Wen

Gao

et al.

Authorea

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The discus fish Symphysodon spp., an Amazonian cichlid, employs an unusual parental care behavior where free-swimming fry feed on parental epidermal mucus after hatching. However, little is known about the mechanism by which discus secrete 'milk' and the genes involved. In order to study the unique behavior of discus fry feeding on parental skin mucus on the molecular level, transcriptome sequencing was performed on the skin and brain of female discus. Through the analysis of skin transcriptome sequencing data, 228 differentially expressed genes were obtained by comparing parental with non-parental fish, including 126 up-regulated genes and 102 down-regulated genes. For the brain, 86 differentially expressed genes were obtained including 71 up-regulated genes and 15 down-regulated genes. Through the analysis of pathway in the skin, 7 metabolic pathways were obtained:

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Dynamic regulation of brain aromatase and isotocin receptor gene expression depends on parenting status

Cited by 25 publications

References 62 publications

Characterization of the prohormone complement in Amphiprion and related fish species integrating genome and transcriptome assemblies

Characterization of the prohormone complement in Amphiprion and related fish species integrating genome and transcriptome assemblies

Spontaneous alloparental care of unrelated offspring by non-breeding Amphiprion ocellaris in absence of the biological parents

Transcriptome analysis of discus fish (Symphysodon haraldi) skin and brain to identify genes involved in ‘milk’ secretion during parental care

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