Dynamic of land use and vegetation change in the eastern bank of Bénoué (North Cameroon).

Abstract

The eastern part of the Benoue River bank is undergoing degradation marked by a significant decrease in vegetation cover and woody resources due to anthropogenic activities and climatic deterioration. The main objective of this study is to analyze the farmers' knowledge of vegetation evolution and the dynamics of land use using satellite images in the east of the bank of the Benoue. The methodological approach used is an integrated one combining field surveys, remote sensing, mapping, and modeling. The results obtained show that 88% of the population surveyed believe that the area covered by vegetation has decreased. The reasons for this decrease are numerous, but the main one remains the strong anthropic activity that would be at the origin of the progressive degradation of the land. The evolutionary trend of plant formations is essentially regressive for natural formations from 1991 to 2021. The analysis of the evolution of land use showed that in the Rey-Bouba district during 1991, 58.24% of the area formerly made up of dense woody formations regressed considerably to 25.77% in 2021. The same is true for the Bibemi district where the area of wooded zone has decreased from 65.47% in 1991 to 28.45% of the total area in 2021. This regression of the surface area of wooded formations was done to the benefit of anthropized occupation classes whose area has increased. They suggest an effective awareness in the monitoring of the dynamics of the vegetation cover subjected to anthropic pressures and climatic variations for a better-integrated management of the vegetation of this area.