Dynamic Ocean Management: Identifying the Critical Ingredients of Dynamic Approaches to Ocean Resource Management

Lewison, Rebecca L.; Hobday, Alistair J.; Maxwell, Sara M.; Hazen, Elliott L.; Hartog, Jason R.; Dunn, Daniel C.; Briscoe, Dana K.; Fossette, Sabrina; O’Keefe, Catherine E.; Barnes, Michele L.; Abécassis, Mélanie; Bograd, Steven J.; Bethoney, N. David; Bailey, Helen; Wiley, David N.; Andrews, Samantha; Hazen, Lucie; Crowder, Larry B.

doi:10.1093/biosci/biv018

Cited by 200 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Given the dynamic climate and oceanographic variability of the CCS and the profound impact of this variability on marine resources, there is momentum building to move toward fisheries management strategies that incorporate real-time and forecasted environmental information to inform the temporal and spatial extent of fishery closures (Hobday et al 2013;Lewison et al 2015;Maxwell et al 2015). For example, to predict the spatiotemporal overlap between protected and targeted species, empirical statistical relationships are used to link marine species to their preferred environment, and then predict the distribution of those species based on more widely available oceanographic observations or predictions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the skill of seasonal sea surface temperature forecasts in the California Current System and its connection to ENSO variability

et al. 2017

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underlie SST predictability. A simple persistence forecast provides considerable skill for lead times up to ~4 months, while skill above persistence is mostly confined to forecasts of late winter/spring and derives primarily from predictable evolution of ENSO-related variability. Specifically, anomalously weak (strong) equatorward winds are skillfully forecast during El Niño (La Niña) events, and drive negative (positive) upwelling anomalies and consequently warm (cold) temperature anomalies. This mechanism prevails during moderate to strong ENSO events, while years of ENSO-neutral conditions are not associated with significant forecast skill in the wind or significant skill above persistence in SST. We find also a strong latitudinal gradient in predictability within the CCS; SST forecast skill is highest off the Washington/Oregon coast and lowest off southern California, consistent with variable wind forcing being the dominant driver of SST predictability. These findings have direct implications for regional downscaling of seasonal forecasts and for short-term management of living marine resources.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the skill of seasonal sea surface temperature forecasts in the California Current System and its connection to ENSO variability

et al. 2017

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“…Although these tools allow for operational implementation of DOM, there is a larger question of how DOM fits within current fisheries management regimes. Previous studies have shown that DOM does not seek to supplant existing adaptive management processes but falls within the implementation component of that framework (7,8). For example, move-on rules as they are currently implemented in numerous fisheries do not occur at a predetermined time or location and do not require management council review for each application of the measure (5, 10); rather, the distance which fishermen must move following a bycatch event is determined during the council review process and the move-on rule is applied in near real time on the ground.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies comparing static and dynamic measures are lacking despite the potential to increase efficiency through the use of dynamic measures to align the scales of resource variability, resource use, and resource management (7,8). In a precursor to the recent work on dynamic management, Grantham et al (42) looked at the efficiency of closures to reduce bycatch by examining permanent full-fishery closures, seasonal full-fishery closures, and a series of temporary (monthly) time-area closures.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Static Vs Dynamic Management Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two recent articles (7,8) make the argument that, as the vagility of an organism or process increases, the amount of space required to encapsulate it within a management scheme is inversely proportional to the temporal resolution used. This implies that dynamic management may be more useful for the management of highly mobile pelagic species or processes (e.g., sea turtles and tuna, or fronts and eddies), and limits the consideration of dynamic management of less mobile species.…”

Section: Does Dynamic Management Only Benefit Highly Mobile Species?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dynamic management reflects advancement in our ability to manage ocean resources across finer spatial and temporal scales as a result of technological improvements that have paved the way for higher-resolution collection of both fisheries and environmental data (e.g., electronic logbooks, vessel monitoring systems, smartphone technology, remote sensing, and animal tracking) (9). The existing literature has focused on the presumed capacity of dynamic management to increase management efficiency across both ecological and economic objectives (7,8), and in codifying the different approaches to dynamic management across fisheries and other applications (7, 10). However, little to no empirical research exists to quantify the implied benefits of dynamic management or compare the efficiency of the various spatiotemporal management measures.…”

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Dynamic ocean management increases the efficiency and efficacy of fisheries management

Dunn

Maxwell

Boustany

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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168

116

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In response to the inherent dynamic nature of the oceans and continuing difficulty in managing ecosystem impacts of fisheries, interest in the concept of dynamic ocean management, or realtime management of ocean resources, has accelerated in the last several years. However, scientists have yet to quantitatively assess the efficiency of dynamic management over static management. Of particular interest is how scale influences effectiveness, both in terms of how it reflects underlying ecological processes and how this relates to potential efficiency gains. Here, we address the empirical evidence gap and further the ecological theory underpinning dynamic management. We illustrate, through the simulation of closures across a range of spatiotemporal scales, that dynamic ocean management can address previously intractable problems at scales associated with coactive and social patterns (e.g., competition, predation, niche partitioning, parasitism, and social aggregations). Furthermore, it can significantly improve the efficiency of management: as the resolution of the closures used increases (i.e., as the closures become more targeted), the percentage of target catch forgone or displaced decreases, the reduction ratio (bycatch/catch) increases, and the total time-area required to achieve the desired bycatch reduction decreases. In the scenario examined, coarser scale management measures (annual time-area closures and monthly full-fishery closures) would displace up to four to five times the target catch and require 100-200 times more square kilometer-days of closure than dynamic measures (gridbased closures and move-on rules). To achieve similar reductions in juvenile bycatch, the fishery would forgo or displace between USD 15-52 million in landings using a static approach over a dynamic management approach.dynamic ocean management | real-time management | ecosystem-based fisheries management | spatiotemporal | bycatch A lthough traditional fisheries management has focused on assessing the health of individual fish stocks, there has been a strong trend over the past two decades toward the incorporation of ecosystem components into fisheries management (1, 2). Ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM) seeks to meet multiple, potentially conflicting goals across ecological, economic, and social objectives (3, 4). Meeting these goals is made more complex in marine ecosystems due to the inherent dynamic nature of the oceans. In response to continuing difficulty in managing the ecosystem impacts of fisheries in a highly dynamic environment, including bycatch (i.e., the accidental interaction of fishing gear with nontarget species), interest in the concept of dynamic ocean management (DOM) has accelerated (5-10). Maxwell et al. (8) define dynamic management as "management that changes in space and time in response to the shifting nature of the ocean and its users based on the integration of new biological, oceanographic, social and/or economic data in near real-time" (8). Dynamic management reflects advancement in our abi...

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Thirty‐Three Years of Ocean Benthic Warming Along the U.S. Northeast Continental Shelf and Slope: Patterns, Drivers, and Ecological Consequences

et al. 2017

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The U.S. Northeast Continental Shelf is experiencing rapid warming, with potentially profound consequences to marine ecosystems. While satellites document multiple scales of spatial and temporal variability on the surface, our understanding of the status, trends, and drivers of the benthic environmental change remains limited. We interpolated sparse benthic temperature data along the New England Shelf and upper Slope using a seasonally dynamic, regionally specific multiple linear regression model that merged in situ and remote sensing data. The statistical model predicted nearly 90% of the variability of the data, resulting in a synoptic time series spanning over three decades from 1982 to 2014. Benthic temperatures increased throughout the domain, including in the Gulf of Maine. Rates of benthic warming ranged from 0.1 to 0.4°C per decade, with fastest rates occurring in shallow, nearshore regions and on Georges Bank, the latter exceeding rates observed in the surface. Rates of benthic warming were up to 1.6 times faster in winter than the rest of the year in many regions, with important implications for disease occurrence and energetics of overwintering species. Drivers of warming varied over the domain. In southern New England and the mid‐Atlantic shallow Shelf regions, benthic warming was tightly coupled to changes in SST, whereas both regional and basin‐scale changes in ocean circulation affect temperatures in the Gulf of Maine, the Continental Shelf, and Georges Banks. These results highlight data gaps, the current feasibility of prediction from remotely sensed variables, and the need for improved understanding on how climate may affect seasonally specific ecological processes.

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Dynamic Ocean Management: Identifying the Critical Ingredients of Dynamic Approaches to Ocean Resource Management

Cited by 200 publications

References 82 publications

On the skill of seasonal sea surface temperature forecasts in the California Current System and its connection to ENSO variability

On the skill of seasonal sea surface temperature forecasts in the California Current System and its connection to ENSO variability

Dynamic ocean management increases the efficiency and efficacy of fisheries management

Thirty‐Three Years of Ocean Benthic Warming Along the U.S. Northeast Continental Shelf and Slope: Patterns, Drivers, and Ecological Consequences

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