Dynamic observation of formation process in laser cladding using high speed video camera

In-process measurement of melt pool cross-sectional geometry and grain orientation in a laser directed energy deposition additive manufacturing process

“…High-speed cameras were also applied to analyse the melt pool dynamics in L-DED processes. Abe et al [29] used an off-axial high-speed camera with a frame rate of 500 fps to investigate the track formation and the molten powder behaviour in a laser cladding process. Haley et al [30] investigated the powder-melt pool impact in L-DED process.…”

Effect of laser path overlap on surface roughness and hardness of layer in laser cladding

“…1a, is necessary to obtain cladding layer with low dilution. 10 When a large area cladding layer is produced with a flat-top beam, control of the overlap ratio (O R ) is necessary. O R is defined as: ***where l D is the length of the major axis of the laser beam and D is the distance between the centre of the laser beam and the cladding layer, as shown in Fig.…”